The HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine is an effective measure to prevent cervical cancer. While cervical cancer predominantly affects women, HPV infections, which cause this type of cancer, can also impact men, leading to anal or penile cancer. So, should men receive the HPV vaccine?

What is an HPV (Human Papillomavirus) Infection?

HPV infection is caused by the human papillomavirus, which affects the surface of the skin. The virus can be transmitted through sexual intercourse or skin-to-skin contact. Full penetration is not necessary for HPV to spread; even skin contact is enough to introduce the virus into the body.

While the HPV virus can sometimes clear up on its own, a weakened immune system can allow the virus to damage cells, leading them to grow abnormally and become cancerous.

HPV Vaccine for Men

Many people assume that the HPV virus is only harmful to women. However, although HPV infections are more common in women, men are also at risk. For women, HPV infection can cause cervical cancer and warts on the face, genitals, and other areas of the skin. In men, HPV infection can lead to anal, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers.

Initially, the HPV vaccine was introduced primarily for women. However, studies have shown that both men and women need the vaccine to prevent HPV infections that could lead to genital cancer.

According to Verywell Health, around 30% of penile cancer cases are linked to HPV types 16 and 18, the strains targeted by the HPV vaccine. As a result, the CDC now recommends the HPV vaccine for both men and women.

The vaccine is typically administered to children aged 11-12 years. It is most effective when given to those who have not yet had sexual intercourse, as it provides better protection before any exposure to the virus. Additionally, vaccinating men can help protect their partners from severe HPV infections.

Who Should Get the HPV Vaccine?

As noted by Perdoski, the HPV vaccine is recommended for the following groups:

• Boys aged 10-12 years

• Men at high risk for HPV, such as those with multiple sexual partners

• Men diagnosed with HIV and a weakened immune system, who have not received the vaccine before age 26

How Many Doses of the HPV Vaccine Are Needed?

According to the CDC, the Gardasil HPV vaccine is given to boys aged 9-14 years in two doses, spaced 6-12 months apart. For boys aged 15-26 years, the first and second doses are administered 1-2 months apart, with the third dose given 6 months after the first.

HPV Vaccine Side Effects in Men

The HPV vaccine is considered safe and rarely causes severe side effects. Some common side effects may include:

• Fever

• Headache

• Nausea and vomiting

• Muscle and joint pain

• Swelling at the injection site

These side effects are typically temporary and should subside over time. If they persist, it’s important to consult a doctor.

Although the vaccine is primarily recommended for women, men can also benefit from receiving the HPV vaccine for additional protection. It's most effective when given to pre-teens or young adults who have not yet had sex, significantly reducing the risk of cancer from HPV infections. If you're over 26 and wish to receive the HPV vaccine, it’s best to consult your doctor beforehand.

Looking for more information about other diseases? Click here!