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  • Posisi Tengkurap, Benarkah Efektif bagi Pasien Covid-19?

Posisi Tengkurap, Benarkah Efektif bagi Pasien Covid-19?

Posisi Tengkurap, Benarkah Efektif bagi Pasien Covid-19?

Bagikan :


Pasien Covid-19 umumnya mengalami gejala susah napas atau sesak napas sehingga membutuhkan bantuan berupa pemasangan ventilator. Pada beberapa kasus, pasien yang menggunakan ventilator tidak tidur dalam posisi telentang namun justru tengkurap. Namun, studi terbaru memperlihatkan pula efektivitas metode tersebut pada pasien yang non-ventilator dengan sesak napas berat. Apa alasan pasien tidur dalam posisi tersebut? Benarkah posisi tengkurap dapat membantu meredakan sesak napas pasien Covid-19?

 

Manfaat Posisi Tengkurap pada Pasien Covid-19

Posisi tengkurap yang dilakukan pasien Covid-19 dikenal dengan istilah prone position. Prone position atau proning pada dasarnya adalah membuat pasien membalik tubuh mereka untuk mengurangi beban pada paru.

Saat tubuh tidur telentang, akibat gaya gravitasi, beban utama paru berada di punggung sehingga pasien dalam posisi ini akan kesulitan mendapatkan udara yang cukup (posisi tertekan).  Namun, ketika pasien tidur dalam posisi tengkurap, beban pada paru akan tesebar secara merata sehingga pasien mendapat udara lebih banyak.

Tak hanya itu, posisi tengkurap juga dapat membantu memindahkan cairan yang terkumpul di paru dan mengganggu pernapasan. Pada pasien Covid-19, paru bisa menjadi sangat basah karena terendam cairan dan dapat menganggu proses pertukaran udara. Akibatnya, pasien akan merasa sesak napas.

Dengan posisi tengkurap, cairan dalam paru akan bergerak menyesuaikan posisi tidur pasien sehingga udara yang masuk lebih banyak dan membuat pasien terhindar dari sesak napas. Untuk itu, sebagian besar pasien Covid-19 dengan gangguan pernapasan umumnya dianjurkan untuk tidur tengkurap selama 30 menit hingga 1 jam untuk membantu meredakan ganguan pernapasan.

Dalam sebuah studi observasional yang dilakukan di New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene pada pasien yang mengalami hipoksia, disebutkan bahwa pasien yang memiliki saturasi oksigen di bawah 90% mengalami kenaikan saturasi oksigen mendekati 94% setelah melakukan proning selama lima menit. Namun, sejumlah pasien dengan saturasi rendah juga gagal mengalami perbaikan saturasi oksigen setelah melakukan proning, sehingga harus menggunakan ventilator untuk membantu pernapasan. Untuk itu, tidak semua kasus pasien bisa diatasi menggunakan metode tengkurap atau proning dan diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai proning dan Covid-19.

 

Risiko yang Perlu Diperhatikan saat Tengkurap pada Pasien Covid-19

Meskipun memiliki sejumlah manfaat, namun metode tidur tengkurap pada pasien Covid-19 juga memiliki risiko. Salah satunya adalah ulkus atau luka tekan jika mobilisasi pasien tidak optimal. Pada pasien yang mengalami berat badan berlebih juga harus berhati-hati saat menerapkan teknik proning. Jika tidak, maka pasien dapat mengalami cedera terutama pada pasien yang telah dipasangi kateter.

Metode proning sebenarnya sudah sering diterapkan untuk pasien Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) atau Sindrom Distress Pernapasan Akut. Untuk menerapkannya, umumnya pasien dibantu dan diawasi oleh tenaga medis terlatih. Oleh karena itu, jika Anda mengalami sesak atau gangguan napas saat menjalani isolasi mandiri atau rawat inap sebaiknya konsultasi terlebih dahulu dengan dokter yang menangani Anda.

 

Mau tahu informasi dan artikel kesehatan mengenai penyakit Covid-19? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 23:43

 

 

  1. Coppo A, et al.Feasibility and physiological effects of prone positioning in non-intubated patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 (PRON-COVID): a prospective cohort study. Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8: 765–74.
  2. Koeckerling DBarker JMudalige NL, et al. Awake prone positioning in COVID-19.
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-04-12 01:38:38GET/covid-19/posisi-tengkurap-benarkah-efektif-bagi-pasien-covid-1911131188