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  • Kenali Terapi Perilaku Kognitif, Terapi untuk Berbagai Masalah Psikologis

Kenali Terapi Perilaku Kognitif, Terapi untuk Berbagai Masalah Psikologis

Kenali Terapi Perilaku Kognitif, Terapi untuk Berbagai Masalah Psikologis

Bagikan :


Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) atau yang dikenal dengan terapi perilaku kognitif merupakan salah satu jenis psikoterapi yang dapat membantu seseorang mengatasi masalah dengan mengubah pola pikir serta perilaku seseorang. Terapi perilaku kognitif umumnya digunakan untuk mengatasi gangguan kecemasan dan depresi, namun terapi ini juga efektif untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan mental dan fisik lainnya.

 

Konsep terapi perilaku kognitif (CBT)

Terapi perilaku kognitif didasari pemikiran bahwa pola pikir, emosi dan tindakan seseorang sebenarnya saling berhubungan. Pemikiran atau pandangan seseorang pada sesuatu juga akan memengaruhi perilakunya. Pandangan negatif akan suatu hal dapat menyebabkan seseorang menghindari atau menjadi pemicu untuk melakukan perilaku tertentu. Hal ini juga banyak dialami oleh orang yang memiliki trauma atau fobia sehingga memunculkan perilaku yang berbahaya.

Berdasarkan konsep tersebut, ketika seseorang memiliki pemikiran negatif dan perilaku yang mengganggu, maka hal tersebut juga dapat diubah menjadi perilaku yang diinginkan.

 

Cara kerja terapi perilaku kognitif (CBT)

Terapi perilaku kognitif terfokus untuk mengubah pikiran negatif yang dapat memengaruhi kondisi emosi, depresi dan kecemasan. Pikiran negatif spontan ini dapat mengubah suasana hati Anda menjadi buruk, cemas dan melakukan hal-hal yang tidak diperlukan. Melalui terapi perilaku kognitif, pemikiran ini diidentifikasi, diulas lebih dalam, dan diubah menjadi pemikiran yang positif. Dilansir dari Mayo Clinic, beberapa tahapan dalam terapi perilaku kognitif antara lain:

1. Mengidentifikasi masalah yang mengganggu

Pada awal terapi, Anda akan diminta untuk mengungkapkan permasalahan yang Anda hadapi. Hal ini termasuk masalah kesehatan, perceraian, perasaan berduka dan amarah yang selama ini mengganggu Anda. Anda diharapkan terbuka dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi agar lebih mudah mencari solusi masalah dan mendapat tujuan akhir yang diinginkan.

2. Mengenali pikiran dan perasaan yang muncul

Setelah mengetahui pokok permasalahannya, terapis akan meminta Anda menceritakan bagaimana pandangan, emosi dan sikap Anda ketika masalah tersebut muncul. Terapis akan mempelajari reaksi Anda dalam menghadapi masalah. Biasanya pada tahap ini, terapis akan meminta Anda untuk mencatat perasaan dan pikiran yang muncul dalam sebuah jurnal.

3. Mengelola pikiran negatif yang muncul

Untuk membantu menyadarkan Anda bahwa ada yang salah dalam pemikiran dan pandangan Anda, terapis akan meminta Anda untuk membandingkan dengan situasi yang berbeda. Dalam situasi yang berbeda tersebut Anda diminta untuk memerhatikan reaksi fisik, emosional dan perilaku yang dirasakan. Dengan cara ini, Anda akan menyadari bahwa dalam situasi tertentu, perilaku Anda akan menunjukkan respon negatif spontan yang sebenarnya bisa dikendalikan.

4. Membentuk pola pikir baru

Setelah Anda menyadari akar permasalahan yang selama ini mengganggu, terapis akan membantu Anda melihat dari sudut pandang lain mengenai masalah yang Anda hadapi. Misalnya Anda selalu melampiaskan amarah dengan kekerasan, maka dalam terapi Anda akan dibantu untuk menyadari bahwa melakukan kekerasan hanya akan merugikan orang lain dan diri sendiri.

Dengan adanya pola pikir baru, Anda secara perlahan akan meninggalkan kebiasaan buruk tersebut sehingga Anda dapat mengendalikan perilaku yang lebih baik ketika menghadapi masalah yang sama.

 

Para ahli berpendapat bahwa terapi perilaku kognitif merupakan salah satu jenis psikoterapi yang efektif unuk mengatasi berbagai masalah mental seperti stres, depresi dan gangguan kecemasan maupun mengatasi masalah psikologis lainnya seperti fobia, insomnia, hingga masalah kecanduan. Terapi perilaku kognitif dapat dilakukan secara individu maupun berkelompok dengan orang-orang yang memiliki masalah serupa. Selain menjalani terapi perilaku kognitif, terapis Anda juga dapat merekomendasikan terapi lainnya yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan Anda.

Bagi Anda yang memiliki masalah psikologis dan ingin menjalani terapi perilaku kognitif sebaiknya segera konsultasi dengan psikolog atau psikiater agar segera mendapat penanganan.

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 16:28

Cherry, K. (2021). What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy? (CBT). Available from: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-cognitive-behavior-therapy-2795747

Mayo Clinic. (2019). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/cognitive-behavioral-therapy/about/pac-20384610

Psychology Today. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Available from: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/cognitive-behavioral-therapy

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.86msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2726 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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