Apa itu Manuver Valsalva dan Bagaimana Cara Melakukannya?

Apa itu Manuver Valsalva dan Bagaimana Cara Melakukannya?
Ilustrasi Valsalva Maneuver. | Credits: Freepik.

Bagikan :


Manuver Valsalva adalah metode tanpa obat yang biasanya digunakan untuk mencoba mengembalikan suatu jenis irama jantung yang tidak normal agar kembali normal dengan cepat. Bila dilakukan dengan benar, prosedur ini memiliki kemungkinan keberhasilan yang lebih besar. Namun demikian, manuver Valsalva tidak selalu berhasil. Adakalanya tetap diperlukan tindakan medis lebih lanjut untuk memulihkan kondisi pasien.

 

Kapan Perlu Melakukan Manuver Valsalva?

Manuver Valsalva menjadi salah satu bagian dari metode manuver vagal yang memengaruhi saraf vagus untuk membantu memperlambat detak jantung. Manuver Valsalva umumnya dilakukan ketika jantung berdetak terlalu cepat dan tidak beraturan, akibat suatu irama jantung cepat yang disebut takikardia supraventrikular (SVT).

SVT ditandai dengan detak jantung cepat yang tidak normal, di mana jantung tiba-tiba berdetak dengan cepat kemudian berhenti berdetak atau melambat dengan tiba-tiba. SVT bisa berlangsung selama beberapa detik, menit, jam atau, bahkan dalam kasus yang jarang terjadi selama beberapa hari.

Denyut jantung selama episode SVT dapat mencapai tingkat yang sangat tinggi, hingga 250 denyut per menit. Ini jauh lebih cepat dari detak jantung normal yang berkisar 60-100 denyut per menit saat sedang istirahat. Kondisi ini umumnya didiagnosis dokter melalui gejala pasien dan bantuan alat rekam jantung (EKG).

Manuver ini meliputi teknik pernapasan yang dilakukan untuk mengembalikan laju detak jantung seperti semula. Manuver Valsalva tidak hanya dilakukan untuk menghentikan SVT, namun juga bisa dilakukan pada kondisi lain, di antaranya:

  • Bisa memengaruhi intensita murmur jantung dan membantu dokter mengetahui jenis murmur jantung yang dimiliki pasien
  • Membantu dalam diagnosis gagal jantung dan penyakit lain, seperti masalah pembuluh darah vena
  • Membantu mendiagnosis masalah pada sistem saraf otonom yang mengontrol detak jantung, pernapasan dan fungsi tubuh lainnya
  • Membantu mengeluarkan benda asing dari telinga bagian tengah

Baca Juga: Tanda Bahaya Penyakit Jantung yang Tak Boleh Diabaikan

 

Cara Melakukan Manuver Valsalva

Manuver Valsalva bisa dilakukan sendiri di rumah apabila Anda memiliki pemahaman yang baik tentang cara melakukannya, dan sudah mendapatkan instruksi dari petugas kesehatan. Biasanya langkah-langkah manuver Valsalva diajarkan bila Anda memiliki riwayat SVT.

Manuver Valsalva juga biasanya diberikan pada pasien oleh dokter atau petugas kesehatan lainnya. Adapun langkah-langkah melakukan prosedur ini di antaranya:

  • Duduk atau berbaring dengan nyaman
  • Menarik napas dalam-dalam
  • Tutup hidung dan mulut
  • Mendorong napas keluar melalui hidung dan mulut yang tertutup sambil mengejan seolah-olah sedang buang air besar
  • Menahan napas selama 15-20 detik
  • Buka hidung atau mulut dan buang napas Anda

Baca Juga: 8 Kebiasaan Baik Menurut Para Ahli Agar Jantung Sehat

Seperti yang disebutkan sebelumnya, manuver Valsalva tidak selalu berhasil mengatasi irama jantung cepat pada SVT. Selain itu, karena berisiko meningkatkan tekanan di mata dan perut, tidak semua orang boleh menjalani prosedur ini. Individu dengan penyakit katup jantung, gangguan arteri koroner, memiliki kelainan bawaan sejak lahir, masalah retinopati atau orang yang baru saja menjalani pembedahan katarak sebaiknya menghindari metode Valsalva.

Segera cari pertolongan medis apabila Anda mengalami nyeri di dada, detak jantung yang tidak normal, tanda-tanda serangan stroke atau pingsan terutama bila memiliki riwayat SVT. Anda bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut mengenai manuver Valsalva melalui App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Selasa, 26 Maret 2024 | 08:04

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Valsalva maneuver. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/23209-valsalva-maneuver 

James Roland (2019). What Are Valsalva Maneuvers, and Are They Safe?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/valsalva-maneuver 

Mary Jo DiLonardo (2023). What Is the Valsalva Maneuver?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/atrial-fibrillation/valsalva-maneuver 

NHS Inform (2023). Supraventricular tachycardia. Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/heart-and-blood-vessels/conditions/supraventricular-tachycardia/ 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Heart murmurs. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-murmurs/symptoms-causes/syc-20373171 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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