Apa Saja Penyebab Jantung Bengkak?

Apa Saja Penyebab Jantung Bengkak?
Credit: Freepik. Normalnya, ukuran jantung manusia berukuran sekepalan tangan.

Bagikan :


Jantung manusia memiliki ukuran yang berbeda-beda. Normalnya, ukuran jantung manusia berukuran sekepalan tangan. Namun pada beberapa kasus jantung manusia dapat membengkak sehingga mengganggu aliran darah.

 

Apa Itu Pembengkakan Jantung (Kardiomegali)?

Jantung bengkak atau yang dikenal dengan istilah kardiomegali adalah kondisi dimana jantung menjadi lebih besar dari ukuran normal. Pembengkakan jantung dapat terjadi ketika otot-otot jantung bekerja tidak normal sehingga membuatnya menebal atau ketika terjadi pelebaran bilik jantung.

Jantung yang membengkak tidak dapat memompa darah secara efisien jika dibandingkan dengan jantung yang normal. Hal ini dapat memicu beberapa komplikasi jantung seperti stroke dan gagal jantung.

Pembengkakan jantung sebenarnya bukanlah suatu penyakit. Namun pembengkakan jantung dapat menjadi tanda atau gejala masalah kesehatan lainnya.

 

Penyebab Jantung Membengkak (Kardiomegali)

Kardiomegali dapat disebabkan oleh faktor keturunan atau terjadi ketika ketika Anda memiliki masalah jantung lainnya. Sebagian besar kasus jantung bengkak disebabkan oleh penyakit lain yang Anda derita.

Beberapa kondisi yang terkait dengan jantung bengkak di antaranya:

 

Kardiomiopati

Kardiomiopati adalah penyakit akibat kelainan di otot jantung. Kondisi ini membuat jantung semakin lemah dalam memompa darah. Semakin parah kelainan atau kerusakan pada jantung, jantung akan semakin sulit memompa darah ke seluruh tubuh.

 

Penyakit Katup Jantung

Adanya penyakit atau masalah pada katup jantung seperti infeksi, penyakit jaringan ikat dan penggunaan obat-obatan yang merusak katup yang menjaga darah mengalir ke arah yang benar melalui jantung. Akibatnya ketika terjadi gangguan aliran darah, jantung harus bekerja lebih keras untuk mendorongnya keluar.

 

Serangan Jantung

Ketika terjadi serangan jantung, aliran darah menuju jantung akan terhalang sepenuhnya. Kekurangan darah yang kaya akan oksigen dapat merusak otot-otot jantung sehingga menyebabkan jantung bengkak.

 

Aritmia (Gangguan Irama Jantung)

Jika Anda memiliki irama jantung yang tidak teratur seperti jantung berdetak terlalu lambat atau terlalu cepat, irama jantung yang tidak teratur dapat menyebabkan gangguan aliran darah kembali ke jantung yang menyebabkan kerja otot jantung semakin berat.

 

Masalah Jantung Bawaan Sejak Lahir

Pembengkakan jantung juga dapat terjadi sejak Anda lahir. Masalah pada struktur dan fungsi jantung dapat menyebabkan otot jantung menjadi lebih besar dan lemah.

 

Tekanan Darah Tinggi

Ketika Anda memlliki tekanan darah tinggi, jantung akan memompa lebih keras untuk mengedarkan darah ke seluruh tubuh. Tekanan ini dapat menyebabkan otot jantung bengkak dan menjadi lemah.

 

Gangguan Tiroid

Gangguan kelenjar tiroid seperti hipotiroid dan hipertiroid dapat menyebabkan masalah pada jantung, termasuk salah satunya adalah pembengkakan jantung.

 

Latihan Aerobik

Olahraga yang Anda lakukan juga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya pembengkakan jantung. Pada beberapa atlet, olahraga aerobik yang dilakukan secara rutin dalam waktu lama dapat menyebabkan pembengkakan jantung. Namun pembengkakan jantung akibat olahraga umumnya tidak dianggap sebagai penyakit yang membutuhkan penanganan.

 

Penanganan Jantung Bengkak (Kardiomegali)

Dilansir dari Mayo Clinic, penanganan jantung bengkak bergantung pada penyebabnya. Apabila pembengkakan jantung disebabkan oleh kardiomiopati atau masalah jantung lainnya maka penanganan yang diberikan antara lain:

  • Pemberian obat-obatan diuretik
  • Obat penurun tekanan darah
  • Pengencer darah
  • Obat untuk menjaga irama jantung

Apabila obat-obatan yang diberikan tidak efektif untuk menangani jantung bengkak, maka dokter dapat merekomendasikan operasi katup jantung, operasi bypass atau prosedur lainnya.

Pembengakakan jantung dapat menyebabkan kemampuan memompa darah menurun dan menyebabkan gagal jantung, stroke, hingga kematian mendadak. Apabila Anda memiliki masalah jantung dan mengalami gejala pembengkakan jantung atau serangan jantung maka sebaiknya segera periksakan diri ke dokter.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 19:53

Watson, S., Larson. J. (2021). What Causes an Enlarged Heart (Cardiomegaly) and How’s It Treated?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/enlarged-heart

Mayo Clinic. Enlarged Heart. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/enlarged-heart/symptoms-causes/syc-20355436

Hoffman, M. (2022). Enlarged Heart (Cardiomegaly). Available from: https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/enlarged-heart-causes-symptoms-types

 

Cleveland Clinic. Enlarged Heart (Cardiomegaly). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21490-enlarged-heart-cardiomegaly

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      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new4.72msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5336 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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