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Ketahui Apa itu Ankylosing Spondylitis dan Tanda-Tandanya

Ketahui Apa itu Ankylosing Spondylitis dan Tanda-Tandanya
Credits: Freepik

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Ankylosing spondylitis atau spondilitis ankilosa adalah salah satu jenis penyakit radang sendi. Penyakit ini menyebabkan peradangan pada persendian dan ligamen tulang belakang yang membantu tubuh untuk membungkuk dan bergerak.

Pada kondisi ini, lama-kelamaan peradangan yang terjadi akan menyebabkan kekakuan. Dalam kasus yang parah tulang-tulang yang meradang dapat menyatu dan menyebabkan tulang menjadi tidak fleksibel atau kaku.

 

Ketahui Lebih Lanjut Tentang Ankylosing Spondylitis

Peradangan pada sendi yang terjadi bisa menyebabkan tulang-tulang vertebrae (tulang belakang) untuk menyatu. Penyatuan tulang dapat mengakibatkan postur tubuh menjadi bungkuk dan kurang lentur. Lebih buruknya jika tulang rusuk juga terpengaruh, maka Anda akan kesulitan untuk bernapas dalam.

Penyakit ini tergolong sebagai penyakit yang cukup jarang dialami. Gejalanya lebih sering terlihat pada pasien berusia 17-45 tahun dan lebih sering memengaruhi pria ketimbang wanita. Menurut para ahli, genetik menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab munculnya ankylosing spondylitis.

Baca Juga: Ini yang Bisa Dilakukan untuk Mencegah Penyakit Radang Panggul

 

Gejala Ankylosing Spondylitis

Gejala awal ankylosing spondylitis mungkin dianggap sebagai hal yang biasa karena berupa nyeri punggung dan kekakuan di pungguh bawah dan pinggul. Keluhan terutama timbul di pagi hari atau setelah seseorang tidak aktif untuk waktu yang cukup lama. Tingkat keparahan gejala yang dirasakan pada setiap pasien pun bervariasi, ada yang merasakan keluhan nyeri berat dan kaku secara terus-menerus, ada juga yang hanya mengalami keluhan ringan serta hilang-timbul.

Adapun gejala lain yang bisa menyertai di antaranya:

  • Rasa nyeri dan kaku pada persendian lain termasuk tulang rusuk, bahu, lutut atau kaki
  • Kesulitan mengambil napas dalam saat sendi yang menghubungkan tulang rusuk mengalami peradangan
  • Adanya perubahan penglihatan dan sakit mata karena peradangan terjadi pada mata
  • Tubuh kelelahan
  • Kehilangan nafsu makan
  • Penurunan berat badan
  • Ruam kulit
  • Gangguan pencernaan seperti sakit perut atau buang air besar encer

Baca Juga: Mengenal Gejala dan Penyebab Penyakit Radang Panggul pada Wanita

 

Bisakah Ankylosing Spondylitis Dicegah dan Diobati?

Ankylosing spondylitis tidak bisa dicegah dan diobati sepenuhnya. Namun, pengobatan tetap perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi progresivitas kerusakan yang terjadi pada sendi, dan untuk meringankan rasa nyeri yang disebabkannya.

Sebelum mendapat pengobatan, Anda perlu memeriksakan diri dan menjalani rangkaian pemeriksaan seperti tes darah dan pemeriksaan radiologi. Kemudian, dokter akan meresepkan obat seperti obat untuk mengurangi nyeri dan pembengkakan sendi, serta obat untuk mengurangi peradangan.

Anda juga disarankan untuk berolahraga rutin untuk memperlambat perkembangan penyakit karena bagaimanapun rasa nyerinya berkembang lebih buruk bila sendi tidak aktif digunakan.

Pada beberapa kasus, Anda juga mungkin membutuhkan operasi berupa implan sendi buatan. Namun, opsi ini bergantung pada keparahan kondisi dan kesehatan Anda.

Selain itu, Anda disarankan untuk makan makanan bernutrisi, menjaga berat badan untuk meminimalkan tekanan pada sendi dan tulang, membatasi minuman beralkohol serta berhenti merokok. Rokok dapat menyebabkan rasa sakit yang makin parah dan mempercepat kerusakan tulang belakang.

Karena gejalanya mirip seperti kondisi kesehatan lainnya, ada baiknya berkonsultasi dengan dokter melalui aplikasi Ai Care sebelum kemudian memeriksakan diri. Konsultasi bisa dilakukan dengan mengunduh aplikasi di ponsel Anda.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Rabu, 10 Mei 2023 | 06:48

Mayo Clinic (2023). Ankylosing spondylitis. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ankylosing-spondylitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354808 

National Institute of Arthritis and Muscoloskeletal and Skin Disease (2020). Ankylosing Spondylitis. Available from: https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/ankylosing-spondylitis 

Cleveland Clinic (2020). Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16595-ankylosing-spondylitis-as 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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