Dampak Negatif dan Risiko Mengonsumsi Benzodiazepin

Dampak Negatif dan Risiko Mengonsumsi Benzodiazepin
Credits: Freepik

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Benzodiazepin termasuk salah satu obat yang sering disalahgunakan. Penyalahgunaan jenis obat penenang ini tidak hanya berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan fisik dan emosional, namun juga bisa memengaruhi hubungan, serta karier.

Mengonsumsi benzodiazepin tanpa resep dan petunjuk dokter juga berisiko menyebabkan efek negatif lain.

 

Apa itu Benzodiazepin?

Benzodiazepin termasuk obat golongan depresan. Secara umum obat ini bekerja dengan memperlambat pesan yang berjalan antara otak dan tubuh.

Mekanisme kerja benzodiazepin terkait dengan interaksi mereka dengan reseptor GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) di sistem saraf pusat. GABA adalah neurotransmiter yang menghambat aktivitas saraf di otak. GABA berfungsi untuk mengurangi kecemasan, menenangkan sistem saraf, dan menghasilkan efek sedatif. Benzodiazepin berinteraksi dengan reseptor GABA-A yang merupakan komponen penting dalam kompleks reseptor GABA di permukaan sel saraf.

Dengan berikatan pada reseptor GABA-A, benzodiazepin meningkatkan aktivitas GABA dalam sistem saraf. Ini mengakibatkan peningkatan aliran ion klorida ke dalam sel saraf, yang menghambat aktivitas saraf dengan memperkecil kecenderungan sel saraf untuk terstimulasi secara berlebihan. Akibatnya, aktivitas saraf di otak dapat diredam, menghasilkan efek penenangan, relaksasi otot, dan penekanan kecemasan.

Benzodiazepin juga digunakan sebagai obat penenang ringan yang biasanya diresepkan oleh dokter untuk menghilangkan stres dan kecemasan serta membantu orang yang mengalami kesulitan tidur.

Benzodiazepin sebaiknya tidak dikonsumsi terlalu lama dan harus dikonsumsi di bawah resep dan pengawasan dokter. Konsumsi obat ini berisiko menyebabkan overdosis, ketergantungan dan gejala withdrawal.

 

Baca Juga: Tanda-Tanda Overdosis Obat Terlarang

 

Efek Samping Penyalahgunaan Benzodiazepin

Konsumsi benzodiazepin dengan dosis yang sesuai dan atas resep dokter membantu meredakan kecemasan dan membantu mengatasi insomnia. Namun, konsumsi dosis tinggi dan penyalahgunaan dapat menyebabkan efek samping negatif di antaranya:

  • Mengantuk
  • Kebingungan
  • Pusing
  • Penglihatan kabur
  • Tubuh terasa lemah
  • Bicara cadel
  • Penurunan koordinasi tubuh
  • Kesulitan bernapas
  • Koma
  • Kecemasan
  • Insomnia
  • Anoreksia
  • Sakit kepala

Dalam kasus yang jarang terjadi, penyalahgunaan benzodiazepin menyebabkan overdosis yang mengakibatkan pneumonia, kerusakan otot, kerusakan otak hingga kematian.

 

Baca Juga: Mengenal Ragam Pengobatan Alternatif dan Komplementer

 

Risiko Mengonsumsi Benzodiazepin

Sebelum diresepkan benzodiazepin, dokter akan menjelaskan risiko mengonsumsi obat ini, di antaranya:

  • Risiko penyalahgunaan dan ketagihan
  • Komplikasi dari penggunaan jangka panjang
  • Risiko overdosis yang dapat berakibat pada berhentinya napas, koma dan kematian
  • Benzodiazepin berinteraksi dengan obat lain seperti golongan opioid dan alkohol yang bisa menyebabkan kematian
  • Efek sedasi yang mungkin disalahgunakan dalam tindak kejahatan
  • Efek mengantuk yang memengaruhi aktivitas dan kewaspadaan misalnya saat menyetir, saat mengerjakan sesuatu yang membutuhkan konsentrasi
  • Risiko gangguan pada janin saat dikonsumsi selama perencanaan kehamilan atau kehamilan
  • Risiko jatuh karena efek gangguan koordinasi dan keseimbangan tubuh

Karena risiko penyalahgunaan dan juga kecanduan, maka benzodiazepin hanya boleh dikonsumsi sesuai resep dan atas pengawasan dokter. Anda tidak diperbolehkan meningkatkan dosis benzodiazepin sendiri tanpa petunjuk dokter. Konsultasikan dengan dokter apabila Anda sedang mengonsumsi obat lain atau memiliki kondisi kesehatan lain saat diresepkan benzodiazepin.

Jangan ragu bertanya kepada dokter seputar konsumsi obat benzodiazepin untuk mengurangi risiko efek negatifnya. Anda bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi telemedicine melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh lewat AppStore maupun Playstore.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Selasa, 13 Juni 2023 | 08:19

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Benzodiazepines (Benzos). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24570-benzodiazepines-benzos 

WebMD (2023). Benzodiazepine Abuse. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/benzodiazepine-abuse 

Alcohol and Drug Foundation (2023). Benzodiazepines. Available from: https://adf.org.au/drug-facts/benzodiazepines/ 

 

Emily Guarnotta (2023). Benzodiazepine Overdose Symptoms and Addiction Treatment. Available from: https://drugabuse.com/benzodiazepines/overdose/ 

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
      • 0: 2475
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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