Asam Valproat

Asam Valproat

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Asam Valproat Ikapharmindo, Depakene, Depakote ER, Garkene, Depval, Epifri, Falpro, Forlepsi ER, Ikalep, Lepsio, Phalsy, Sodium Valproate, Valeptik, Vellepsy.

 

Cara Kerja

Asam valproat termasuk dalam kelas obat yang disebut antikonvulsan (antikejang). Obat ini bekerja dengan mengembalikan keseimbangan zat alami tertentu (neurotransmiter) di otak.

 

Indikasi

Asam valproat digunakan sendiri atau dengan obat lain untuk mengobati jenis kejang tertentu. Asam valproat juga digunakan untuk mengobati mania pada orang dengan gangguan bipolar. Obat ini juga digunakan untuk mencegah migrain.

 

Kontraindikasi

  • Riwayat alergi asam valproate.
  • Kondisi bawaan tertentu yang mempengaruhi otak, otot, saraf, dan hati (Alpers Huttenlocher Syndrome).
  • Gangguan siklus urea (kondisi bawaan yang mempengaruhi kemampuan untuk memetabolisme protein)
  • Penyakit/gangguan fungsi hati.

 

Efek Samping

  • Asam valproat dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hati yang serius atau mengancam jiwa yang kemungkinan besar terjadi dalam 6 bulan pertama terapi. Risiko terjadinya kerusakan hati lebih besar pada pasien-pasien dengan kondisi berikut: anak-anak yang berusia kurang dari 2 tahun dan juga mengonsumsi lebih dari satu obat untuk mencegah kejang, memiliki penyakit bawaan tertentu yang dapat mencegah tubuh mengubah makanan menjadi energi secara normal, atau kondisi apa pun yang mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir, belajar, dan memahami sesuatu.
  • Diare, pusing, mengantuk, rambut rontok, penglihatan kabur/ganda, perubahan periode haid, telinga berdenging, gemetar (tremor), perubahan berat badan dapat terjadi. Jika salah satu dari efek ini menetap atau memburuk, beri tahu dokter Anda segera.
  • Sejumlah kecil orang yang menggunakan antikonvulsan untuk kondisi apa pun (seperti kejang, gangguan bipolar, dan nyeri) mungkin mengalami depresi, pikiran/upaya bunuh diri, atau masalah mental/suasana hati lainnya. Beri tahu dokter Anda segera jika Anda atau keluarga/orang yang merawat Anda melihat adanya perubahan suasana hati, pikiran, atau perilaku Anda yang tidak biasa/tiba-tiba, termasuk tanda-tanda depresi, pikiran/upaya bunuh diri, serta pikiran untuk menyakiti diri sendiri.
  • Dapatkan bantuan medis segera jika Anda mengalami efek samping yang sangat serius, termasuk: nyeri dada, mudah memar/pendarahan yang tidak dapat dijelaskan penyebabnya, detak jantung cepat/lambat/tidak teratur, pembengkakan tangan/kaki, gerakan mata tidak terkendali (nistagmus), merasa dingin/menggigil, napas cepat, dan kehilangan kesadaran.

 

Sediaan

Tersedia dalam bentuk sirup kemasan botol 100 ml dan 120 ml.

 

Dosis

Pencegahan migrain

Dewasa: dosis awal 250 mg dua kali sehari. Dosis maksimal: 1 g/hari;

Kejang tipe tertentu

Dewasa: dosis awal 15 mg/kg/hari dalam 2-4 dosis terbagi, ditingkatkan 5-10 mg/kg/minggu. Dosis maksimal: 60 mg/kg/hari.

Anak: berat badan (BB) >20 kg: 400 mg/hari dalam 2 dosis terbagi, ditingkatkan secara bertahap sampai tercapai kontrol. Dosis maksimal: 35 mg/kg/hari. BB <20 kg: 20 mg/kg/hari dalam 2 dosis terbagi, ditingkatkan menjadi 40 mg/kg/hari.

Gangguan bipolar

Dewasa: 600-1800 mg/hari dalam 2 dosis terbagi.

 

Keamanan

  • Obat ini dapat membuat Anda pusing, mengantuk, atau mengaburkan penglihatan Anda. Jangan mengemudi, menggunakan mesin, atau melakukan apa pun yang membutuhkan kewaspadaan atau penglihatan yang jelas sampai Anda dapat melakukannya dengan aman.
  • Obat ini dikeluarkan melalui ASI. Meskipun tidak ada laporan tentang bahaya pada bayi yang menyusui, konsultasikan dengan dokter Anda sebelum menyusui.

 

Interaksi Obat

Beberapa obat berikut jika diberikan bersama asam valproate akan menimbulkan interaksi obat:`

  • Peningkatan risiko keracunan dengan bupropion.
  • Peningkatan risiko kejang dengan meflokuin.
  • Penurunan asam valproat dan peningkatan kadar etosuksimida.
  • Penurunan kadar asam valproat dengan carbapenem, rifampisin, fenitoin, fenobarbital (atau primidon) dan rejimen obat antineoplastik.
  • Peningkatan risiko hepatotoksisitas dengan olanzepin.

 

Mau tahu info mengenai obat-obatan lainnya, cek di sini ya!

 

 

Writer : dr David Wiliam
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 20:53

BPOM RI. Valproic Acid. cekbpom.pom.go.id. Retrieved 10 March 2022, from https://cekbpom.pom.go.id//home/produk/69bhknndt7v4km8sdutf8ashf5/all/row/10/page/1/order/4/DESC/search/5/valproic

MIMS Indonesia. Valproic Acid. Mims.com. Retrieved 10 March 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/valproic%20acid?mtype=generic

Web MD. Valproic Acid Syrup – Uses, Side Effects, and More. Webmd.com. Retrieved 10 March, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-8885/valproic-acid-oral/details#:~:text=This%20medication%20is%20used%20to,(neurotransmitters)%20in%20the%20brain.

Medlineplus. Valproic Acid. Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 10 March 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682412.html

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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.67msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5000 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 5000
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.04msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7831 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.52msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1882 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 1882
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.87msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2743 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 2743
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.03msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3528 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.22msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6328 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 6328
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.59msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6419 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 6419
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4940 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2983 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • 0: 2983
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Bindings
        • 0: 4777
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.06msselect * from `term_policies`
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      App\Models\Admin\Post
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      App\Models\Admin\Category
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      App\User
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      App\Models\Admin\Page
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      App\Models\Admin\Faq
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