Kolistin

Kolistin
Credit: iStockPhoto

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Brand/Nama Lain

Merek dagang dari obat ini yang dapat ditemui di pasaran adalah Colistine Actavis dan Colistine.

 

Cara Kerja

Obat ini bekerja dengan cara merusak selaput tipis pelindung inti sel bakteri. Hal ini menyebabkan cairan dalam sel bakteri keluar sehingga bakteri rusak dan mengalami kematian. Pada akhirnya bakteri tidak tumbuh dan berkembang biak kembali.

 

Indikasi

Colistin digunakan pada beberapa kasus infeksi seperti di bawah ini:

  • Infeksi berat akibat infeksi gram negatif
  • Infeksi gram negatif yang tidak respon terhadap antibiotik lainnya
  • Kasus infeksi yang kebal terhadap beberapa jenis antibiotik
  • Untuk sterilisasi saluran pencernaan
  • Infeksi pada sistem pencernaan

 

Kontraindikasi

Obat ini tidak dapat digunakan pada pasien yang mengalami reaksi alergi terhadap obat ini. Selain itu, pada pasien yang menderita myastenia gravis (gangguan saraf yang menimbulkan kelemahan otot tubuh).

 

Efek Samping

Berikut ini adalah efek samping yang perlu Anda ketehui dari penggunaan obat colistine:

  • Kerusakan pada ginjal
  • Gangguan penglihatan
  • Gangguan pada saluran pencernaan
  • Mual dan muntah
  • Kerusakan pada saraf tepi
  • Kelemahan otot
  • Superinfeksi

Efek samping fatal yang dapat terjadi adalah adanya peradangan dan infeksi berat pada usus besar.

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk tablet 1.500.000 IU (internastional unit), suntikan dan hirup.

 

Dosis

Dosis dari colistin bergantung dengan tujuan pengobatan dan usia yaitu:

Infeksi saluran pencernaan

  • Dewasa, dosis obat minum sebesar 1.500.000-3.000.000 IU 3 kali sehari.
  • Anak, dosis obat minum berdasarkan berat badan. BB kurang dari 15 kg tidak direkomendasikan menggunakan obat ini. BB 15-30 kg dosis obat sebesar 750.000-1.500.000 IU diminum 3 kali sehari.

Infeksi berat bakteri gram negatif

  • Dewasa, obat diberikan secara suntik. Dengan dosis obat 2.5 mg-5 mg/kgBB per hari yang dibagi menjadi 2-4 dosis. Dosis maksimal harian adalah 5 mg/kgBB.
  • Anak, dosis obat suntik sebesar 2.5 mg/kgBB perhari diberikan setiap 6-12 jam sekali.

 

Keamanan

Penggunaan obat ini pada kehamilan masuk kategori C. Artinya obat ini pada hewan percobaan menyebabkan dampak buruk terhadap janin. Akan tetapi pada manusia belum ada bukti secara penelitian. Sedangkan obat ini belum diketahui keamanaan pada ibu menyusui. Sehingga jika Anda sedang menyusui sebaiknya tidak menggunakan obat ini tanpa rekomendasi dan pengawasan dokter.

 

Interaksi Obat

Obat ini dapat berinteraksi dengan beberapa obat dan dapat menimbulkan beberapa efek pada tubuh yaitu:

  • Interaksi dengan obat pelemas otot seperti tubocucarine dapat meningkatkan efektivitas obat tersebut.
  • Penggunaan bersama dengan antibiotik lainnya seperti antibiotik golongan aminoglikosida, capreomycin, vancomycin dan anti jamur (amphotericin B) dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kerusakan ginjal.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 02:06

Colistin – Mims Indonesia. (2022). Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/colistin?mtype=generic

Cunha, JP. (2021). Colistin. RxList. Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://www.rxlist.com/consumer_coly_mycin_m_colistin/drugs-condition.htm

Colistin – Medscape. (2022). Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://reference.medscape.com/drug/colistimethate-sodium-coly-mycin-m-colistin-342578#3

Colistin – DrugBank. (2022). Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00803

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.13msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9144 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.03msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5325 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5325
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.97msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4779 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4779
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\Admin\Healthpedia
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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