Peran Penting Kolin di Dalam Tubuh

Peran Penting Kolin di Dalam Tubuh
Ilustrasi telur sebagai sumber kolin. Credits: Freepik

Bagikan :


Sama seperti vitamin B, kolin juga diproduksi oleh hati dengan jumlah yang terbatas. Kolin memiliki peranan penting bagi tubuh. Kolin dapat diperoleh dari berbagai makanan seperti daging, ikan, kacang-kacangan, biji-bijian, sayuran, dan telur.

Apa sajakah peranan penting kolin di dalam tubuh kita?

 

Peran Penting Kolin di Dalam Tubuh

Menurut para ahli, kolin memegang beberapa peran penting di dalam tubuh, di antaranya:

Struktur sel

Struktur sel membutuhkan kolin untuk sintesis fosfolipid, yang merupakan komponen utama membran sel. Fosfolipid adalah jenis lemak yang penting dalam pembentukan integritas struktur membran sel, sehingga sel tetap dapat mempertahankan bentuknya, melindungi bagian dalam sel, dan mengatur aliran zat-zat ke dalam dan ke luar tepat waktu.

Mengantarkan pesan sel

Kolin juga berperan penting dalam pembentukan senyawa yang berfungsi sebagai pembawa pesan sel. Salah satu senyawa yang dihasilkan kolin adalah asetilkolin, yaitu suatu neurotransmiter yang bertanggung jawab dalam komunikasi antar sel saraf. Asetilkolin ini memainkan peranan penting dalam transmisi sinyal saraf di otak dan sistem saraf tubuh.

Kekurangan kolin dapat memengaruhi produksi asetilkolin yang pada akhirnya memengaruhi fungsi kognitif serta komunikasi antar sel.

Baca Juga: Manfaat Putih Telur bagi Kesehatan Tubuh

Transportasi dan metabolisme lemak

Salah satu fungsi kolin adalah pembentukan senyawa yang dibutuhkan untuk menghilangkan kolesterol di hati. Kekurangan kolin dapat mengganggu proses pembentukan senyawa tersebut sehingga menyebabkan penumpukan lemak dan kolesterol di hati.

Penumpukan lemak dan kolesterol di hati dikenal dengan istilah fatty liver atau perlemakan hati. Kondisi ini kerap ditandai dengan kelelahan parah, kelemahan tubuh, penurunan berat badan secara tiba-tiba, dan rasa nyeri tumpul di perut kanan atas.

Pembentukan DNA

Bersama dengan vitamin B12 dan folat, kolin berperan dalam proses pembentukan DNA. Kehadirannya dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi fosfatidilkolin, yaitu komponen utama membran sel yang juga memainkan peranan penting dalam pembentukan DNA.

Sistem saraf yang sehat

Kolin dibutuhkan dalam produksi asetilkolin, yakni neurotransmiter yang sangat penting dalam menjalankan fungsi sistem saraf. Asetilkolin berperan penting dalam memori, proses pembelajaran, regulasi perhatian, motivasi, dan kontrol pergerakan otot tak sadar.

Kekurangan asetilkolin dikaitkan dengan beberapa kondisi medis seperti penyakit Alzheimer.

 

Berapakah Kebutuhan Kolin Harian?

Kebutuhan kolin harian tubuh berbeda-beda berdasarkan usia dan kondisi seseorang. Dilansir oleh Healthline, berikut adalah informasi kebutuhan kolin harian:

Usia / Kondisi Kebutuhan harian
0-6 bulan

125 mg

7-12 bulan

150 mg

1-3 tahun

200 mg

4-8 tahun

250 mg

9-13 tahun

375 mg

14-19 tahun 

400 mg (perempuan), 550 mg (laki-laki)

Wanita dewasa 

425 mg

Pria dewasa

550 mg
Wanita hamil 

930 mg 

Ibu menyusui 

550 mg 

Baca Juga: Masalah Kehamilan Akibat Ibu Kekurangan Nutrisi dan Pola Makan Tidak Sehat

Berolahraga berat, atlet, konsumsi alkohol, pascamenopause, dan kehamilan meningkatkan risiko kekurangan kolin. Beberapa kondisi tersebut memerlukan asupan kolin yang cukup untuk meningkatkan performa, kesehatan, dan juga pertumbuhan serta perkembangan janin yang ada di dalam rahim.

 

Kolin dapat ditemukan pada makanan seperti hati sapi, hati ayam, telur, salmon, bunga kol, brokoli, minyak kedelai, dan berbagai makanan lainnya. Konsumsi kolin dalam bentuk suplemen sebaiknya dikonsultasikan terlebih dahulu dengan dokter atau ahli gizi. Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar nutrisi, makanan dan tips diet lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Alvidiani Agustina Damanik
Last Updated : Jumat, 5 Juli 2024 | 05:17

Mary Jane Brown, PhD, RD (UK) (2023). What Is Choline? An Essential Nutrient With Many Benefits. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/what-is-choline 

WebMD (2018). Choline - Uses, Side Effects, And More. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-436/choline 

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Phosphatidylserine. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/25129-phosphatidylserine 

NHS UK (2022). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Acetylcholine (ACh). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24568-acetylcholine-ach 

Jennifer Lefton, MS, RD/N, CNSCm FAND (2022). What Is Choline?. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/choline-5084871 

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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.06msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3547 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • 0: 3547
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.96msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9451 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new940μsselect * from `term_policies`
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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