Pemeriksaan CD8

Pemeriksaan CD8
Sel T merupakan salah satu tipe sel darah putih yang berfungsi sebagai pertahanan sistem imunitas tubuh.

Bagikan :


Definisi

Sel T merupakan salah satu tipe sel darah putih yang berfungsi sebagai pertahanan sistem imunitas tubuh. Adapun 4 tipe sel T yang memiliki fungsi yang berbeda, yaitu:

  • Sel CD4 yang disebut sebagai sel pembantu karena membantu awal respon imun
  • Sel penekan yang bertanggung jawab dalam menekan atau menghentikan respon imun ketika patogen telah diatasi
  • Sel memori yang tetap tinggal setelah mengatasi patogen dan menjadi “penanda” untuk mengingat bila patogen tersebut kembali
  • Sel CD8 yang disebut sebagai sel pembunuh karena fungsinya menghancurkan sel di dalam tubuh yang menjadi tempat bernaungnya virus, bakteri, atau agen penyebab penyakit (patogen)

Sel CD4 dengan CD8 merupakan salah satu indikator adanya infeksi HIV, baik untuk pemeriksaan sendiri maupun pemeriksaan keduanya. Sel CD8 memberikan respon dengan menyerang patogen dan melumpuhkannya, sedangkan CD4 mengawali respon imun ketika menghadapi patogen. Selanjutnya, sel T akan “menghentikan” aktivitas dari CD4 ketika respon imun telah dicapai. Pemeriksaan CD8 biasanya dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan CD4 untuk mengetahui rasio perbandingan CD4 dengan CD8.

 

Indikasi

Pemeriksaan CD8 diindikasikan untuk memberikan gambaran adanya infeksi HIV yang memengaruhi sistem imun sehingga dokter dapat menentukan seberapa besar kerusakan dan resiko komplikasi dari penyakit, terutama pada pasien yang pertama kali terdiagnosis mengidap HIV.

 

Kontraindikasi

Tidak ada kontraindikasi khusus terkait pemeriksaan  CD8.

 

Persiapan Sebelum Pemeriksaan

Tidak ada persiapan khusus sebelum melakukan CD8. Pemeriksaan ini tidak mewajibkan Anda puasa sebelumnya kecuali anda juga melakukan pemeriksaan lain yang mengharuskan Anda berpuasa sebelumnya. Informaskan pada dokter terkait obat-obatan, vitamin dan suplemen yang Anda konsumsi. Pastikan kondisi Anda tenang dan tidak stres. Diskuskan dengan dokter terkait obat yang Anda konsumsi dan yang perlu dihentikan sebelum pemeriksaan.

 

Prosedur Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan CD8 menggunakan sampel darah Anda. Sampel darah biasanya diambil dari pembuluh darah vena di lengan. Tenaga kesehatan yang mengambil sampel darah akan mengikat pita di lengan atas Anda. Hal ini bertujuan memudahkan untuk melihat di mana pembuluh darah Anda berada.

Selanjutnya, area yang akan dimasuki jarum dibersihkan dengan kapas alkohol untuk mencegah infeksi. Jarum yang terpasang pada tabung sampel dimasukkan ke dalam pembuluh darah Anda, dan sejumlah kecil darah diambil. Anda mungkin merasakan sedikit sengatan saat jarum menembus kulit. Pengambilan sampel darah biasanya memakan waktu kurang dari beberapa menit.

 

Nilai Normal dan Abnormal

Nilai normal pemeriksaan dari  CD8 berkisar antara 150 hingga 1000/mm3. Bila berada dibawah atau diatas nilai batas normal, hal tersebut termasuk dalam nilai abnormal.

 

Hasil dan Saran (Pemeriksaan Lanjutan)

Hasil pemeriksaan Anda dapat bervariasi bergantung pada usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat kesehatan dan beberapa hal lain (seperti kondisi medis). Selain itu, hasil pemeriksaan dapat berbeda bergantung pada laboratorium dimana Anda melakukan pemeriksaan. Diskusikan hasil pemeriksaan yang dengan dokter Anda.

Pemeriksaan CD8 biasanya juga dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan CD4 sehingga diketahui rasio CD4/CD8. Bila nilai CD8 tinggi, hal ini dapat menandakan adanya HIV/AIDS, permasalahan terkait dengan tulang belakang (terutama pada kemoterapi), anemia, dan infeksi kronis sedangkan pada nilai CD8 yang rendah dapat menandakan adanya infeksi mayor, infeksi oleh virus dan kemungkinan kanker darah. Bila nilai CD8 Anda turun atau normal tetapi terjadi peningkatan kembali bahkan menjadi tinggi, dokter akan mempertimbangkan kembali terapi pengobatan yang Anda jalani.

 

Konsultasikan ke Dokter yang Tepat

Bila hasil pemeriksaanCD8 Anda menunjukkan hasil tidak normal, Anda dapat berkonsultasi dengan dokter umum untuk mendapatkan diagnosis dan terapi yang sesuai. Bila diperlukan, Anda juga dapat berkonsultasi dengan dokter spesialis penyakit dalam sehingga didapatkan penanganan dan terapi yang tepat. Dokter mungkin akan menyarankan anda melakukan pemeriksaan tambahan seperti pemeriksaan kepadatan tulang atau pemeriksaan lainnya untuk membantu diagnosis lebih tepat.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, radiologi, dan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Jumat, 21 Juli 2023 | 04:18

What to Know about the CD4:CD8 Ratio Test. (2022). Retrieved 04 July 2023, from https://www.webmd.com/hiv-aids/what-to-know-about-cd4-cd8-ratio-test

What is a CD4/CD8 Ratio?. (2022). Retrieved 04 July 2023, from https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-important-is-your-cd4-cd8-ratio-48781

CD4-CD8 Ratio. (2022). Retrieved 04 July 2023, from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=cd4_cd8_ratio

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.18msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1290 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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