Kelainan Kongenital

Kelainan Kongenital

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Definisi

Kelainan kongenital adalah kelainan struktural atau fungsional yang terjadi selama masa janin. Disebut juga dengan cacat bawaan, anomali kongenital, atau malformasi kongenital, kondisi ini terjadi sebelum lahir dan dapat teridentifikasi setelah atau saat lahir, atau di kemudian hari (misalnya gangguan pendengaran). Secara umum, kongenital berarti terjadi sebelum lahir.

Sekitar 6% bayi di seluruh dunia terlahir dengan kelainan kongenital, menyebabkan ratusan ribu kematian. Setiap tahunnya di seluruh belahan dunia, diperkirakan 295.000 bayi baru lahir meninggal sebelum mencapai usia 4 minggu akibat kelainan kongenital dan komplikasi terkait. Lebih lanjut, kelainan kongenital menyebabkan 170.000 kematian anak usia 1 bulan sampai 5 tahun setiap tahunnya.

Banyak kelainan kongenital yang mendapatkan stigma sosial dan diskriminasi, yang dapat menyebabkan penderitanya malu, mengisolasi diri, dan mengurangi interaksi di komunitas. Kondisi ini juga memakan biaya yang tinggi. Disabilitas jangka panjang juga memberikan dampak yang signifikan tidak hanya bagi penderitanya, namun juga bagi keluarga, sistem layanan kesehatan, dan masyarakat.

 

Penyebab

Sekitar 50% kelainan kongenital tidak dapat dihubungkan dengan satu penyebab spesifik. Namun, penyebab yang diketahui meliputi defek gen tunggal, kelainan kromosom, pewarisan multifaktor, teratogen lingkungan, dan defisiensi mikronutrien. Penyebab genetik dapat berasal dari gen yang diturunkan atau dari mutasi.

 

Faktor Risiko

Orang tua yang memiliki keterkaitan darah meningkatkan risiko kelainan kongenital dan meningkatkan risiko kematian bayi baru lahir dan anak kecil sebanyak dua kali lipat. Usia ibu yang tua juga meningkatkan risiko kelainan kromosom, termasuk sindrom Down. Beberapa penyakit juga diketahui meningkatkan angka kelainan kongenital, seperti virus Zika, sifilis, dan rubella. Kelainan lainnya, seperti fibrosis kistik dan hemofilia C, lebih banyak ditemukan pada komunitas etnik spesifik.

Sebagian besar (94%) kelainan kongenital terjadi pada negara berpenghasilan rendah sampai sedang. Sembilan dari sepuluh anak yang lahir dengan kelainan kongenital serius berada di negara berpenghasilan rendah dan sedang. Penyebab yang mungkin adalah kurangnya skrining dan pelayanan kehamilan, kurangnya akses terhadap makanan bergizi untuk wanita hamil, penggunaan atau kontak dengan alkohol atau tembaku, serta peningkatan paparan terhadap infeksi atau kontaminan di lingkungan.

 

Jika Anda ingin mengetahui selengkapnya mengenai hemofilia, Anda dapat membacanya di sini: Hemofilia - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Pengobatannya

 

Gejala

Beberapa kelainan kongenital yang paling banyak terjadi, meliputi:

  • Bibir atau langit-langit sumbing
  • Abnormalitas pertumbuhan tulang yang menyebabkan perawakan pendek, hilangnya anggota gerak, atau skoliosis
  • Kelainan jantung kongenital
  • Abnormalitas kromosom (sindrom Down)
  • Clubfoot
  • Sindrom alkohol janin
  • Anemia sel sabit

Gejala kelainan kongenital bervariasi dari ringan sampai berat dan dapat memengaruhi hampir seluruh bagian tubuh seperti tulang dan organ-organ.

Selama kehamilan, dokter akan melakukan skrining untuk mencari tanda kelainan kongenital. Tanda kelainan kongenital saat kehamilan dapat meliputi:

  • Kadar protein pada tes darah lebih tinggi atau rendah dari seharusnya
  • Penumpukan cairan di belakang leher janin saat USG
  • Kelainan struktural pada organ dalam janin, seperti jantung, saat ekokardiogram janin

Beberapa kelainan kongenital tidak terdeteksi sampai anak lahir atau sesaat setelah lahir. Tanda dan gejala kelainan kongenital yang sering terjadi pada bayi dan balita meliputi:

  • Ritme jantung yang abnormal
  • Kesulitan bernafas sendiri
  • Tidak merespon saat dipanggil atau terhadap suara bising
  • Mata tidak mengikuti objek di depannya atau tidak berkontak dengan Anda
  • Sulit makan
  • Kepala, wajah, mata, telinga, atau mulut memiliki karakteristik unik
  • Tidak mengalami loncatan perkembangan (developmental milestones) sesuai usianya
  • Mudah marah

 

Diagnosis

Beberapa kelainan kongenital dapat terdiagnosis sebelum lahir melalui USG, amniosentesis, atau chorionic villus sampling (CVS). Sebagian besar wanita menjalani pemeriksaan darah untuk skrining risiko mengandung bayi dengan kelaingan kongenital spesifik, seperti sindrom Down dan defek tabung saraf. Meskipun pemeriksaan ini biasanya tidak ditujukan untuk menyembuhkan kelainan kongenital, namun dapat digunakan untuk mempersiapkan orang tua secara emosional dan membantu mempersiapkan diri untuk merawat anak dengan kelainan kongenital.

Pada kasus lainnya, kelainan kongenital didiagnosis setelah lahir melalui pemeriksaan fisik atau pemeriksaan darah untuk skrining beberapa kelainan pada bayi baru lahir.

 

Tata Laksana

Beberapa kelaingan kongenital dapat ditangani dengan intervensi medis atau bedah.

Operasi dengan kontrol yang baik seringnya dapat mengurangi potensi kematian (misalnya pada kelainan jantung kongenital) atau kesakitan (misalnya pada talipes kongenital, bibir/langit-langit sumbing) terkait dengan kelainan kongenital struktural. Hasilnya akan lebih baik jika terdeteksi dini.

Terapi medis untuk beberapa kondisi metabolik, endokrin, dan hematologi dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Contoh yang jelas adalah hipotiroidisme kongenital, dimana deteksi dan terapi dini dapat memungkinkan perkembangan fisik dan mental yang komplit menjadi orang dewasa yang sehat. Sementara itu, diagnosis yang terlambat atau tidak tersedianya terapi membawa risiko disabilitas intelektual yang serius.

Anak dengan beberapa tipe kelainan kongenital dapat membutuhkan bantuan jangka panjang yang meliputi terapi fisik, terapi wicara, terapi okupasi, dan dukungan dari keluarga serta komunitas.

 

Komplikasi

Beberapa kelainan kongenital dapat diterapi dengan pilihan bedah dan non-bedah, seperti bibir dan langit-langit sumbing, clubfoot, dan hernia. Kelainan lainnya seperti cacat pada jantung, defek tabung saraf, dan sindrom Down, dapat menyebabkan dampak seumur hidup, atau bahkan kematian, bergantung pada bagian tubuh yang terlibat dan seberapa jauh keterlibatannya.

Kelainan kongenital dapat menyebabkan masalah fisik, disabilitas intelektual, gangguan perkembangan. Disabilitas intelektual dan gangguan perkembangan terjadi karena kelainan pada kerja otak yang menyebabkan seseorang memiliki masalah atau keterlambatan dalam perkembangan fisik, belajar, komunikasi, merawat diri, atau berinteraksi dengan orang lain.

 

Pencegahan

Pencegahan dilakukan dengan menghindari faktor risiko dan meningkatkan faktor protektif terhadap kelainan kongenital. Langkah pencegahan meliputi:

  • Diet yang sehat untuk remaja perempuan dan wanita hamil, termasuk variasi sayuran dan buah, serta mempertahankan berat badan ideal
  • Diet yang cukup vitamin dan mineral, terutama asam folat pada remaja perempuan dan wanita hamil
  • Menghindari zat yang berbahaya, terutama alkohol dan tembakau, bagi wanita hamil
  • Menghindari bepergian ke area yang sedang mengalami wabah infeksi yang berhubungan dengan kelainan kongenital, bagi wanita hamil dan wanita usia subur
  • Mengurangi atau membatasi paparan terhadap zat berbahaya seperti logam berat atau pestisida selama kehamilan
  • Mengontrol diabetes sebelum dan selama kehamilan melalui kontrol rutin, manajemen berat badan, dan diet sehat
  • Memastikan paparan wanita hamil terhadap obat-obatan atau radiasi seperti X-ray sudah didiskusikan mengenai manfaat dan risikonya
  • Vaksinasi, terutama terhadap virus rubella, untuk anak-anak dan wanita
  • Skrining infeksi, terutama rubella, varisela, dan sifilis, serta terapi jika terdapat indikasi

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Hubungi dokter jika anak Anda menunjukan tanda kelainan kongenital. Sangat penting bagi Anda untuk mencatat perkembangan anak Anda, seperti waktu ketika mereka pertama kali berjalan, untuk memastikan perkembangannya sesuai dengan usianya. Jika anak Anda mengalami keterlambatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, hubungi dokter.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Tea Karina Sudharso
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Senin, 15 Mei 2023 | 03:30

Congenital disorders (2023) World Health Organization. World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/birth-defects (Accessed: April 18, 2023). 

Birth defects and congenital anomalies (no date) Birth Defects and Congenital Anomalies | Boston Children's Hospital. Available at: https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/birth-defects-and-congenital-anomalies (Accessed: April 18, 2023). 

 

Are birth defects common? (2023) Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12230-birth-defects#symptoms-and-causes (Accessed: April 18, 2023). 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new130msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-07 00:43:23' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-07 00:43:23
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new9.05msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 813 where `id` = 6999
      Bindings
      • 0: 813
      • 1: 6999
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new4.95msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 6999, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-07 00:43:23', '2025-04-07 00:43:23')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 6999
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-07 00:43:23
      • 8: 2025-04-07 00:43:23
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new1.44msselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 31 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 31
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.47msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5663 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5663
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.55msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4655 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4655
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.28msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6789 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6789
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.86msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 453 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 453
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4322 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4322
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.15msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5482 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5482
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.93msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6599 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6599
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.18msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5098 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5098
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.96msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2986 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2986
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.95msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4113 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4113
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.98msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4047 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4047
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.78msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4231 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4231
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new1.07msselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new800μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.03msselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    134Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    21Category.php#?
    App\User
    3User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    3Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        QGavKh0mtI1uIjFbQAO0R3YDtcStTL9z9QLhGZfa
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/kelainan-kongenital" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/kelainan-kongenital
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:2 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "QGavKh0mtI1uIjFbQAO0R3YDtcStTL9z9QLhGZfa" "laravel_session" => "XUxhmYsuUWnLZDhzsQLZPmX8WcRD6etaiQVFuojV" ]
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