Craniosynostosis

Craniosynostosis
Ilustrasi gangguan bentuk tengkorak bayi pada kondisi craniosynostosis. Gambar via medindia.net

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Definisi

Craniosynostosis atau kraniosinostosis adalah cacat lahir di mana tulang tengkorak bayi bergabung terlalu dini dan menyebabkan bentuk tengkorak menjadi abnormal. Hal ini terjadi sebelum otak bayi terbentuk sempurna. Tulang tengkorak manusia sejatinya terdiri atas beberapa tulang yang terpisah. Ruang di antara tulang-tulang ini diisi suatu struktur penghubung yang disebut sutura.

Pada bayi sutura bersifat lentur, sehingga tengkorak dapat tumbuh membesar seiring perkembangan otak bayi. Saat bayi menginjak usia sekitar dua tahun, tulang tengkorak bayi mulai menyatu/menutup karena sutura berubah menjadi tulang. Pada bayi dengan craniosynostosis, satu atau lebih sutura menutup terlalu cepat. Hal ini dapat membatasi atau memperlambat pertumbuhan otak bayi. Pada kasus yang berat, hal ini dapat menyebabkan berbagai kelainan saraf pada bayi.

 

Penyebab

Kelainan ini terjadi pada 1 bayi per 2000-2500 kelahiran. Angka kejadian penyakit ini semakin bertambah seiring waktu. Sekitar 75% kasus craniosynostosis disebabkan oleh sebab yang tidak diketahui (non-sindromik), diduga akibat kombinasi antara kelainan gen dan pengaruh lingkungan. Sisanya, sekitar 25% kasus disebabkan oleh kelainan akibat sindrom genetik, seperti sindrom Apert atau Pfeiffer yang diturunkan secara genetik.

 

Baca Juga: Sindrom Apert - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Pengobatannya

 

Faktor Risiko

Beberapa penelitian terbaru dari Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ci (CDC) di Amerika Serikat menunjukkan terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya craniosynostosis pada bayi, seperti:

  • Penyakit tiroid pada ibu
  • Obat-obatan tertentu. Ibu yang menggunakan obat kesuburan seperti clomiphene citrate sebelum atau di awal kehamilan lebih mungkin melahirkan bayi dengan kondisi craniosynostosis dibandingkan dengan yang tidak menggunakan.

 

Gejala

Gejala utama yang ditunjukkan penyakit ini adalah bentuk tengkorak yang tidak biasa atau abnormal. Tanda dan gejala yang muncul bergantung pada seberapa banyak sutura yang bergabung terlalu dini dan periode perkembangan otak saat penutupan sutura terjadi.

Beberapa tanda dan gejala yang dapat terjadi, antara lain:

  • Bentuk tengkorak yang “aneh” atau abnormal. Bentuk yang abnormal ini dipengaruhi oleh struktur sutura mana yang mengalami penutupan dini.
  • Terabanya garis yang menonjol sepanjang permukaan tengkorak bayi, menunjukkan adanya sutura yang sudah tertutup dan menjadi tulang.
  • Tidak terabanya ubun-ubun (dalam dunia medis disebut fontanel), yaitu bagian lunak pada kepala bayi dimana sutura-sutura tengkorak bertemu. Pada bayi, terdapat beberapa fontanel. Fontanel anterior berada tepat di belakang dahi bayi. Fontanel posterior terdapat di bagian belakang kepala bayi dan merupakan fontanel terbesar. Pada kedua sisi kepala bayi juga dapat ditemukan dua fontanel yang lebih kecil.
  • Wajah bayi terlihat tidak simetris

 

Diagnosis

Dokter dapat menegakkan diagnosis craniosynostosis secara klinis, yaitu berdasarkan tanda dan gejala yang ditimbulkannya. Melalui pemeriksaan fisik, dokter akan melakukan perabaan pada kepala bayi untuk mengidentifikasi apakah terdapat garis yang menonjol di sepanjang tengkorak bayi dan memeriksa ubun-ubun bayi.

Selain itu dokter juga akan mengukur kepala bayi untuk mengetahui apakah ukuran kepala bayi sesuai dengan usianya. Jika ukuran kepala bayi tidak sesuai, dokter mungkin akan melakukan pemeriksaan lanjutan seperti x-ray atau CT-Scan untuk mengonfirmasi diagnosis craniosynostosis.

Dokter Anda juga dapat merujuk bayi ke dokter bedah saraf atau bedah plastik untuk meminta pendapat mengenai kasus ini.

Kondisi craniosynostosis diklasifikasikan berdasarkan sutura mana yang mengalami kelainan, yaitu sebagai berikut:

  • Sagittal craniosynostosis. Pada tipe ini, sutura yang mengalami kelainan berada pada sepanjang bagian atas kepala bayi. Hal ini menyebabkan kepala bayi menjadi panjang dan sempit. Tipe ini merupakan jenis craniosynostosis yang paling banyak terjadi.
  • Coronal craniosynostosis. Kondisi ini mengenai sutura koronal, yaitu sutura yang berjalan di antara telinga pada bagian atas kepala bayi. Pada kondisi ini dahi bayi dan kepala bayi secara keseluruhan dapat terlihat melebar.
  • Lambdoid craniosynostosis. Pada kondisi ini, sutura yang mengalami kelainan berada pada bagian belakang kepala bayi. Bayi dengan kondisi inis seringkali menunjukkan bentuk bagian belakang kepala yang pipih.
  • Metopic craniosynostosis. Sutura yang terkena pada kondisi ini berjalan dari puncak hidung secara tegak lurus ke bagian dahi bayi. Tipe kelainan ini menunjukkan kepala bayi yang menyerupai bentuk segitiga.

 

Tata Laksana

Pengobatan craniosynostosis berdasarkan keparahan dan gejala yang terjadi pada bayi. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh umur bayi, kondisi kesehatan bayi secara umum, derajat keparahan dan tipe craniosynostosis, dan preferensi orang tua bayi. Beberapa terapi yang dapat dilakukan, di antaranya:

  • Terapi helm. Bayi dengan craniosynostosis ringan dapat ditangani dengan menggunakan suatu “helm” medis khusus. Alat ini dipasang pada kepala bayi dan dapat membentuk kepala bayi agar kembali normal.
  • Secara umum, tindakan pembedahan merupakan pilihan terapi yang disarankan pada craniosynostosis, karena tindakan ini dapat mengurangi tekanan pada kepala bayi dan mengoreksi kelainan pada tengkorak dan wajah bayi. Secara umum, waktu yang paling baik untuk dilakukannya operasi adalah sebelum bayi berumur 1 tahun, karena tulang-tulang bayi masih sangat lunak dan lebih mudah diperbaiki. Pada kasus yang berat, operasi bahkan mungkin dilakukan saat bayi berusia 1 bulan.

 

Komplikasi

Jika tidak ditangani, peningkatan tekanan di dalam tengkorak bayi yang timbul dan kondisi craniosynostosis sendiri dapat menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi, seperti:

  • Keterlambatan perkembangan bayi. Seiring pertumbuhannya, bayi yang mengalami craniosynostosis dapat mengalami gangguan belajar.
  • Kejang
  • Gangguan penglihatan atau pergerakan mata bayi, seperti mata juling (strabismus)
  • Gangguan pernapasan, terutama jika terjadi kelainan pada tulang wajah bayi
  • Abnormalitas bentuk wajah atau kepala bayi permanen

 

Jika Anda ingin mengetahui selengkapnya mengenai strabismus, Anda dapat membacanya di sini: Strabismus - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Pengobatannya

 

Pencegahan

Tidak ada cara khusus yang dapat mencegah terjadinya craniosynostosis. Pemeriksaan genetik sebelum kehamilan dapat mendeteksi mutasi gen yang menyebabkan craniosynostosis. Jika ditemukan kelainan genetik, konseling dengan ahli genetik dapat meningkatkan pemahaman Anda mengenai risiko dan kemungkinan tatalaksana craniosynostosis jika bayi Anda lahir dengan kondisi ini.

Ibu hamil dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan bayi lahir dengan normal dengan cara:

  • Melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan secara rutin
  • Berdiskusi dengan dokter mengenai risiko penyakit ini, termasuk penyakit tiroid yang dimiliki ibu dan risiko penggunaan obat-obat kesuburan
  • Mengonsumsi vitamin dan suplemen lainnya selama kehamilan

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Segera temui dokter jika Anda khawatir dengan bentuk kepala bayi atau anak Anda, sehingga pemeriksaan untuk mendeteksi craniosynostosis dapat dilakukan.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Arifin Muhammad Siregar
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 19:38

Betances EM, Mendez MD, M Das J. (2022, January). Craniosynostosis. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544366/

Kajdic N, Spazzapan P, Velnar T. (2017, April). Craniosynostosis - Recognition, clinical characteristics, and treatment. Slovenia. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5988529/pdf/BJBMS-18-110.pdf

Sheth AJ. (2018, December). Pediatric Craniosynostosis Clinical Presentation. Medscape. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1175957-clinical#b4

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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new9.73msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 1840 where `id` = 6465
      Bindings
      • 0: 1840
      • 1: 6465
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new6.35msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 6465, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 18:17:35', '2025-04-06 18:17:35')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 6465
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-06 18:17:35
      • 8: 2025-04-06 18:17:35
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new1.05msselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 45 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 45
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.52msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8341 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8341
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.14msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 656 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 656
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new660μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 2 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.95msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8915 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8915
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.45msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8255 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8255
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.17msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4349 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4349
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.24msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7858 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7858
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6100 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6100
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.33msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2396 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2396
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.2msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5591 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5591
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2090 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2090
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new720μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new620μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new850μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    22Category.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    18Post.php#?
    App\User
    3User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    3Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
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        id
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        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/craniosynostosis
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
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        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
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        []
        
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