Antibodi CMV IgM

Antibodi CMV IgM
CMV atau Cytomegalovirus merupakan virus dengan keluarga herpes.

Bagikan :


Definisi

CMV atau Cytomegalovirus merupakan virus dalam keluarga herpes. CMV dapat ditularkan dari orang ke orang melalui cairan tubuh seperti air liur, semen, cairan vagina, darah, dan air susu ibu (ASI). Virus ini dapat menginfeksi siapa saja termasuk ibu hamil. CMV sendiri merupakan salah satu virus yang paling sering ditularkan dari ibu ke bayi seperti melalui plasenta selama masa kehamilan, saat proses melahirkan dan menyusui. CMV dapat menyebabkan tuli, masalah penglihatan, cacat intelektual, dan gangguan serius lainnya pada bayi yang terinfeksi sebelum lahir.

Antibodi merupakan protein yang terbentuk oleh sistem imun untuk melawan patogen (benda asing di dalam tubuh seperti bakteri dan virus). IgG merupakan antibodi yang umumnya terbentuk dan IgM merupakan antibodi pertama yang terbentuk ketika tubuh terkontak dengan virus atau bakteri. Baik IgG dan IgM ditemukan dalam darah dan cairan tubuh lainnya.

Pemeriksaan Antibodi CMV IgM merupakan pemeriksaan yang mendekteksi IgM terhadap Cytomegalovirus. Pemeriksaan ini dapat mendeteksi antibodi IgM dalam darah yang dihasilkan oleh tubuh sebagai respon imun terhadap infeksi atau mendeteksi CMV secara langsung. Antibodi CMV IgM biasanya ditemukan dalam waktu 1-2 minggu setelah infeksi awal dan tidak terdeteksi lagi setelah beberapa bulan.

 

Indikasi

Pemeriksaan CMV digunakan untuk membantu mendiagnosis infeksi CMV saat ini, yang diaktifkan kembali, atau di masa lalu pada orang yang berisiko mengalami komplikasi kesehatan, seperti:

  • Orang dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah karena infeksi atau penyakit tertentu
  • Orang yang baru saja menerima transplantasi organ
  • Ibu hamil dengan gejala infeksi CMV
  • Bayi baru lahir dengan gejala infeksi

Dokter akan menyarankan Anda melakukan pemeriksaan jika Anda memiliki sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah atau sedang hamil dan memiliki gejala berikut:

  • Demam tinggi yang berkepanjangan
  • Kelelahan
  • Kehilangan nafsu makan
  • Nyeri atau kekakuan otot dan sendi
  • Sakit kepala
  • Sakit tenggorokan
  • Pembengkakan kelenjar getah bening
  • Pembengkakan hati dan limpa

Pada bayi, CMV dapat menyebabkan gejala seperti:

 

 

Kontraindikasi

Pemeriksaan Antibodi CMV IgM dapat dianggap aman dan risiko terkait sedang. Tidak ada kontraindikasi khusus terkait pemeriksaan ini.

 

Persiapan Sebelum Pemeriksaan

Tidak ada persiapan khusus sebelum melakukan pemeriksaan Antibodi CVM IgM. Pemeriksaan ini tidak mewajibkan Anda puasa sebelumnya. Informasikan pada dokter mengenai kondisi medis, suplemen dan obat-obatan yang Anda konsumsi.

 

Prosedur Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan antibodi CMV IgM merupakan pemeriksaan darah sederhana dengan sampel darah Anda. Sampel darah biasanya diambil dari pembuluh darah vena di lengan, sedangkan pada bayi, pengambilan darah dilakukan pada tumit. Tenaga kesehatan yang mengambil sampel darah akan mengikat pita di lengan atas Anda. Hal ini bertujuan memudahkan untuk melihat di mana pembuluh darah Anda berada.

Selanjutnya, area yang akan dimasuki jarum dibersihkan dengan antiseptik untuk mencegah infeksi. Jarum yang terpasang pada tabung sampel dimasukkan ke dalam pembuluh darah Anda, dan sejumlah kecil darah diambil. Anda mungkin merasakan sedikit sengatan saat jarum menembus kulit. Pengambilan sampel darah biasanya memakan waktu beberapa menit.

Selanjutnya, darah akan dimasukan ke dalam tabung darah dan diperiksa oleh petugas laboratorium pada mesin khusus. Ketika petugas sudah selesai mengambil sampel darah, anda perlu memberikan tekanan pada area tersebut untuk mencegah memar atau pembengkakan. Risiko pemeriksaan dalam darah sangat kecil. Beberapa orang merasakan nyeri, pusing, dan memar saat pengambilan darah. Namun, hal ini biasanya hilang dengan cepat.

 

Nilai Normal dan Abnormal

Nilai normal pemeriksaan Antibodi CMV IgM memberikan hasil berupa negatif sedangkan nilai abnormal pemeriksaan Antibodi CMV IgM memberikan hasil berupa nilai positif pada pemeriksaan dan tidak jelas. Pemeriksaan ini dapat berdiri sendiri sehingga hasil yang lebih pasti dilakukan pemeriksaan bersama dengan pemeriksaan antibodi CMV IgG.

 

Hasil dan Saran (Pemeriksaan Lanjutan)

Hasil pemeriksaan antibodi CMV IgM yang menunjukkan hasil positif (abnormal) ketika Anda memiliki gejala menunjukkan bahwa baru saja terpapar infeksi CMV. Hal ini disebabkan nilai positif pada pemeriksaan IgM menunjukkan bahwa tubuh baru saja membentuk respon imun IgM terhadap CMV.

Pada hasil pemeriksaan negatif IgM kemungkinan menunjukkan bahwa tubuh belum membentuk IgM sehingga belum pernah terinfeksi atau terpapar CMV. Bila hasil pemeriksaan Anda negatif tetapi menunjukkan adanya gejala, hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh infeksi lain selain CMV atau sistem imun belum cukup menghasilkan antibodi untuk dapat terdeteksi pada pemeriksaan CMV.

Pada hasil pemeriksaan yang tidak jelas, dokter akan mempertimbangkan pemeriksaan lain untuk membantu diagnosis. Pemeriksaan IgM biasanya dilakukan bersama dengan IgG, dimana IgG membutuhkan waktu lebih lama untuk dihasilkan tetapi akan bertahan seumur hidup sedangkan IgM dapat terdeteksi beberapa hari setelah terinfeksi tetapi akan hilang dalam beberapa minggu.

Bila Anda memiliki hasil pemeriksaan positif baik pada IgG dan IgM atau hanya IgM, hal ini menunjukkan Anda sepertinya baru saja terkena infeksi. Bila Anda memiliki hasil pemeriksaan IgG positif tetapi negatif pada IgM, hal ini menujukkan bahwa Anda pernah terinfeksi yang sekitar paling lama 2 bulan lalu.

 

Konsultasikan ke Dokter yang Tepat

Bila hasil pemeriksaan antibodi CMV IgM Anda menunjukkan hasil tidak normal, Anda dapat berkonsultasi dengan dokter spesialis penyakit dalam untuk mendapatkan diagnosis dan terapi yang sesuai. Dokter mungkin akan menyarankan melakukan pemeriksaan tambahan dan lebih lanjut terkait pemeriksaan apa yang perlu dilakukan sebelum penegakkan diagnosis

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, radiologi, dan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Rabu, 17 Januari 2024 | 05:35

About Cytomegalovirus (CMV). (2020). Retrieved10 July 2023, from https://www.cdc.gov/cmv/overview.html

Laboratory Testing. (2020). Retrieved 10 July 2023, from https://www.cdc.gov/cmv/clinical/lab-tests.html

Cytomegalovirus Test. (2021). Retrieved 10 July 2023, from https://www.testing.com/tests/cytomegalovirus-cmv-tests/

Cytomegalovirus (Blood). (2023). Retrieved 10 July 2023, from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=cytomegalovirus_blood

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Test. (2021). Retrieved 10 July 2023, from https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/cytomegalovirus-cmv-tests/

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      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new1.02msselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 43 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 43
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.7msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7379 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7379
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.27msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1030 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1030
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.67msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2867 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2867
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.38msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6835 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6835
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.48msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5729 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5729
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6846 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6846
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.87msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4723 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4723
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.87msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7243 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7243
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.24msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7747 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7747
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7731
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.92msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7639 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7639
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.13msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6285 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6285
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    148Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    22Category.php#?
    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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