Dacarbazine

Dacarbazine
Credit: Cancer Center

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Merek dagang dari obat ini adalah Dacarbazine DBL dan Dacarbazine Medac.

 

Cara Kerja

Dacarbazine adalah obat kemoterapi pada pasien kanker. Obat ini bekerja dengan cara merusak DNA sel kanker. Diketahui DNA adalah materi genetik yang berperan dalam proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sel. Jika DNA mengalami kerusakan maka seluruh proses pembelahan dan pertumbuhan sel tidak dapat terjadi. Selanjutnya, sel kanker akan mengalami kerusakan dan kematian.

 

Indikasi

Obat ini digunakan sebagai pengobatan pada beberapa jenis kanker di bawah ini:

  • Melanoma (kanker kulit)
  • Limfoma Non-Hodgkin (kanker kelenjar getah bening)
  • Sarkoma (kanker jaringan otot)

 

Baca juga: Tak Hanya Kemoterapi, Ini Terapi yang Bisa Diberikan pada Pasien Limfoma

 

Kontraindikasi

Terdapat beberapa kondisi medis yang menjadi kontraindikasi pemberian obat ini yaitu:

  • Mengalami reaksi alergi terhadap obat ini
  • Gangguan berat pada organ ginjal dan/atau hati
  • Kadar leukosit (sel darah putih) rendah dan trombosit (keping darah) juga rendah
  • Ibu hamil
  • Ibu menyusui

 

Efek Samping

Efek samping yang dapat timbul setelah menggunakan Dacarbazine seperti di bawah ini:

  • Mual muntah
  • Kemerahan pada wajah
  • Rambut rontok
  • Tekanan darah rendah yang dipengaruhi posisi
  • Nyeri otot
  • Pandangan kabur
  • Kejang
  • Nyeri kepala
  • Lemas
  • Nyeri di lokasi penyuntikan obat
  • Kerusakan jaringan
  • Diare
  • Silau saat ada cahaya
  • Peradangan pada mulut dan bibir

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk obat suntik 100 mg, 200 mg dan 500 mg.

 

Dosis

Dosis obat bervariasi sesuai dengan tujuan pengobatan yaitu:

 

Sarkoma

Dosis obat ini jika dikombinasikan dengan obat doxorubicin adalah 250 mg/m2 satu kali sehari diberikn melalui infus dalam waktu 15-30 menit selama 5 hari. Pengobatan dapat diulang setelah 3 minggu.

 

Melanoma yang mengalami penyebaran

Dosis obat 2-4.5 mg/kgBB perhari selama 10 hari. Pemberian obat dapat diulang setelah 4 minggu dari obat yang pertama.

 

Limfoma non Hodgkin

Dosis Dacarbazine yang dikombinasikan dengan Doxorubicin, Bleomycin dan Vinblastine yaitu sebesar 150 mg/m2 setiap hari selama 5 hari. Kemudian dapat diulang setelah 4 minggu dari dosis pertama.

 

Keamanan

Pada kehamilan obat ini masuk dalam kategori C. Artinya obat ini pada hewan uji coba dapat menimbulkan efek buruk. Namun pada manusia belum ada penelitian. Obat ini juga dapat masuk ke dalam ASI walaupun dalam jumlah sedikit. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan obat ini selama hamil dan menyusui kontraindikasi untuk diberikan.

 

Interaksi Obat

Obat ini memiliki interaksi dengan beberapa obat lain dan dapat menimbulkan beberapa efek seperti di bawah ini:

  • Interaksi dengan obat antituberkulosis (rifampicin) dan antikejang (phenytoin, barbiturat) dapat meningkatkan penguraian Dacarbazine dalam tubuh.
  • Dapat mengganggu terjadinya pembentukan kekebalan tubuh setelah menjalani vaksinasi jika sedang menggunakan obat ini.
  • Penggunaan bersama obat asam urat (alupurinol), obat penekan sistem daya tahan tubuh agar tidak menyerang tubuh sendiri (azathioprine) dan obat antikanker (mercaptopurine) dapat meningkatkan terjadinya efek samping obat tersebut.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Jumat, 14 April 2023 | 14:08

Dacarbazine – Mims Indonesia. (2022). Retrieved 8 July 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/dacarbazine?mtype=generic

Dacarbazine – Chemocare. (2022). Retrieved 8 July 2022, from https://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/drug-info/dacarbazine.aspx

Dacarbazine – MedlinePlus. (2022). Retrieved 8 July 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682750.html

Dacarbazine (DTIC) – CancerResearchUK. (2022). Retrieved 8 July 2022, from https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/cancer-drugs/drugs/dacarbazine

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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.93msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5145 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 5145
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.96msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2631 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 2631
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.65msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7806 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 7806
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Bindings
        • 0: 5975
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Bindings
        • 0: 1875
        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.7msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1851 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 1851
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3581 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.93msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6976 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.75msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3187 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new740μsselect * from `term_policies`
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      App\Models\Admin\Post
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      App\Models\TermPolicy
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