Buprenorphine

Buprenorphine
Credit: Wikimedia.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Suboxone, Subutex.

 

Cara Kerja

Buprenorphine biasanya dikombinasikan dengan nalokson (obat yang digunakan untuk mengembalikan efek obat golongan opioid). Kombinasi buprenorphine dan nalokson ini bekerja untuk mencegah gejala putus obat atau withdrawal syndrome, serangkaian gejala yang memengaruhi fisik dan psikologis dan muncul ketika pecandu obat-obatan tidak lagi mengonsumsi obat-obatan tersebut. Ketika seseorang berhenti minum obat golongan opioid (obat golongan antinyeri yang dapat membuat kecanduan jika disalahgunakan), buprenorphine dapat mencegah timbulnya gejala putus obat.

 

Indikasi

Buprenorphine dan nalokson biasanya digunakan sebagai kombinasi obat untuk mengobati ketergantungan obat opioid, contohnya seperti heroin dan obat penghilang rasa sakit golongan narkotika.

 

Kontraindikasi

Obat ini tidak boleh diberikan pada orang-orang dengan kondisi seperti:

  • Riwayat alergi terhadap buprenorphine atau nalokson
  • Anak-anak usia di bawah 16 tahun
  • Gangguan pernafasan berat
  • Gangguan hati berat
  • Kecanduan alkohol
  • Delirium, suatu kondisi mental yang membuat seseorang memiliki kebingungan dalam berpikir dan gangguan kesadaran terhadap lingkungannya

 

Efek Samping

Obat ini dapat menimbulkan efek samping seperti:

  • Mengantuk
  • Pusing
  • Sembelit
  • Sakit kepala 
  • Gangguan pernafasan yang parah dan mungkin fatal dapat terjadi jika obat ini disalahgunakan atau dicampur dengan zat-zat lain (seperti alkohol dan obat opioid lainnya)

Beritahu dokter Anda segera jika Anda memiliki efek samping yang serius, termasuk:

  • Gangguan pernapasan saat tidur
  • Perubahan mental/suasana hati (seperti kegelisahan, kebingungan, halusinasi)
  • Sakit perut
  • Sakit gigi/gusi
  • Kelelahan yang tidak biasa
  • Penurunan berat badan

 

Sediaan

Buprenorphine tersedia dalam bentuk tablet sublingual, yaitu tablet diletakkan di bawah lidah dan tidak ditelan. Obat dibiarkan berada di bawah lidah sampai tablet larut.

 

Dosis

Berikut dosis pemberian buprenorphine pada orang dewasa:

  • Dosis awal 0,8-4 mg sekali sehari, dapat ditingkatkan sesuai kebutuhan
  • Dosis pemeliharaan maksimal 32 mg per hari

Setelah pasien stabil, secara bertahap dosis dapat diturunkan dan selanjutnya pengobatan dapat dihentikan. Pada pecandu opioid yang belum mengalami gejala putus obat, dosis pertama tidak boleh diberikan sampai tanda-tanda gejala putus obat muncul atau setidaknya 6 jam setelah penggunaan opioid terakhir. Pada pasien yang menerima metadon, dosis metadon dikurangi hingga maksimal 30 mg setiap hari sebelum memulai terapi.

 

Keamanan

Obat ini bisa membuat Anda pusing atau mengantuk. Jangan mengemudi, menggunakan mesin, atau melakukan apa pun yang membutuhkan kewaspadaan sampai Anda dapat melakukannya dengan aman. Hindari minuman beralkohol. pernapasan.

Selama kehamilan, obat ini harus digunakan hanya jika benar-benar dibutuhkan. Obat ini mungkin sedikit meningkatkan risiko terjadinya bayi cacat lahir jika digunakan selama dua bulan pertama kehamilan. Selain itu, penggunaan obat ini untuk waktu yang lama atau dalam dosis tinggi pada waktu berdekatan dengan tanggal perkiraan persalinan dapat membahayakan bayi yang belum lahir. Untuk mengurangi risiko, gunakan dosis efektif terkecil dalam waktu yang sesingkat mungkin.

 

Interaksi Obat

Risiko efek samping yang serius (seperti pernapasan menjadi lambat atau pendek, mengantuk, pusing hebat) dapat meningkat jika obat ini digunakan dengan obat atau zat lain yang juga dapat memengaruhi pernapasan atau menyebabkan kantuk, contohnya:

  • Alkohol
  • Mariyuana (ganja)
  • Obat antihistamin atau obat alergi (seperti cetirizine, diphenhydramine)
  • Obat untuk tidur atau gangguan cemas (seperti alprazolam, diazepam, zolpidem)
  • Obat pelemas otot (seperti carisoprodol, siklobenzaprin)
  • Obat pereda nyeri golongan opioid lainnya (seperti kodein, hidrokodon)

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr David Wiliam
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 13 April 2023 | 23:22

Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional BPOM. Buprenorfin. Pionas.pom.go.id. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/buprenorfin

BPOM RI. Buprenorphine. cekbpom.pom.go.id. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://cekbpom.pom.go.id//home/produk/69bhknndt7v4km8sdutf8ashf5/all/row/10/page/1/order/4/DESC/search/5/Buprenorphine

MIMS Indonesia. Buprenorphine. Mims.com. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/buprenorphine?mtype=generic

Web MD. Buprenorphine Hcl Tablet, Sublingual – Uses, Side Effects, and More. Webmd.com. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-64748/buprenorphine-hcl-sublingual/details

Medlineplus. Buprenorphine Sublingual and Buccal (Opioid Dependence). Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a605002.html

Request history8.1.29PHP Version818msRequest Duration4MBMemory UsageGET healthpedia-{category}/{slug}Route
  • infolog[19:15:49] LOG.info: Attempting to authenticate with: { "username": "administrator", "url": ...
  • errorlog[19:15:49] LOG.error: Error accessing doctor id: 63983202e088e5e18c0511d7 { "exception": "Undefi...
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:259
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:259
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    • WebController.php#328aicare_prod_new15.18msselect * from `posts` where (`content_type` = 'healthpedia' and `slug` = 'buprenorphine' or `slug_en` = 'buprenorphine') and `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-13 19:15:48' and `deleted_at` is null and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:328
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    • WebController.php#328aicare_prod_new1.14msselect `users`.*, `post_editor`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `post_editor`.`user_id` as `pivot_user_id`, `post_editor`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `post_editor`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `users` inner join `post_editor` on `users`.`id` = `post_editor`.`user_id` where `post_editor`.`post_id` in (3271)
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:328
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:328
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:337
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:369
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
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      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
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    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new129msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-13 19:15:48' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
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    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new8.76msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 1193 where `id` = 3271
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      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.12msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7298 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7298
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.34msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2113 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      • 0: 2113
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7045
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.42msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6237 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6237
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
      • 0: 3968
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
      • 0: 3961
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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