Amphotericin B

Amphotericin B

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Brand/nama lain

Merk dagang yang mengandung amphotericin B di Indonesia hingga saat ini adalah Talsutin dan Fungicid.

 

Cara Kerja

Amphotericin B merupakan obat antijamur yang biasa dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan infeksi jamur yang ada di dalam darah, serta infeksi jamur derajat berat. Amphotericin B bekerja dengan cara merusak dinding sel jamur, sehingga kandungan selnya bocor keluar dan menyebabkan kematian sel jamur.

 

Indikasi

Obat ini dimanfaatkan untuk mengobati kondisi medis berupa infeksi jamur sistemik berat dan infeksi jamur di usus yang disebabkan oleh jamur kandida.

 

Kontraindikasi

Amphotericin B tidak boleh diberikan pada berupa riwayat hipersensitivitas atau alergi terhadap amphotericin B, dengan gejala seperti biduran atau ruam kulit. 

 

Efek Samping

Efek samping umumnya jarang terjadi. Meskipun demikian, ada beberapa efek samping yang mungkin terjadi, misalnya:

  • Menggigil
  • Hipotensi
  • Hilang nafsu makan
  • Mual
  • Muntah
  • Sakit kepala
  • Jantung berdebar-debar
  • Nyeri dada
  • Sesak nafas
  • Diare
  • Sakit perut
  • Sulit buang air besar
  • Nyeri tulang belakang
  • Insomnia
  • Cemas
  • Batuk
  • Bercak merah di kulit
  • Gatal-gatal

 

Sediaan

Beberapa sediaan amphotericin B yang dapat ditemukan hingga saat ini adalah sebagai berikut:

  • Injeksi atau obat suntik
  • Tablet vagina
  • Salep mata
  • Obat minum

 

Dosis

Obat minum (untuk kasus infeksi jamur kandida di usus)

  • Dosis dewasa: 100 – 200 mg tiap 6 jam dalam sehari
  • Dosis anak: 100 mg, 4 kali sehari

Obat suntik (untuk kasus infeksi jamur di dalam darah)

  • Dosis dewasa: 1 mg selama 20 – 30 menit pada dosis awal kemudian menjadi 250 mcg/kgBB/hari dan dapat dinaikkan menjadi 1 mg/kgBB/hari (dosis maksimal hariannya 1,5 mg/kgBB/hari) dengan lama pengobatannya minimal 14 hari

 

Keamanan

Kehamilan:

Termasuk FDA Kategori B (penelitian pada hewan tidak menunjukkan adanya kelainan pada janin dan belum ada penelitian yang cukup dan terkontrol dengan baik pada ibu hamil) sehingga penggunaannya perlu dipertimbangkan dan cenderung aman pada ibu hamil.

 

Interaksi Obat

Obat antibiotik aminoglikosida (gentamisin atau amikasin)

Penggunaan antijamur amphotericin B bersamaan dengan antibiotik gentamisin atau amikasin berpotensi meningkatkan risiko terjadinya gangguan fungsi ginjal dan fungsi telinga sebagai indra pendengaran. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan obat yang bersamaan dengan amphotericin B perlu diawasi oleh dokter untuk mencegah kejadian yang tidak diinginkan.

 

Bila Anda masih ingin tahu lebih lanjut mengenai informasi obat-obatan lainnya, Anda bisa mengeceknya di sini ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Apri Haryono Hafid
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 13 April 2023 | 10:31

Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. Amfoterisin. Retrieved 13 March 2022, from: https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/amfoterisin-amfoterisin-b

Mims Indonesia. Amphotericin B. Retrieved 13 March 2022, from: https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/amphotericin%20b?mtype=generic

Medscape. Amphotericin B deoxycholate. Retrieved 13 March 2022, from: https://reference.medscape.com/drug/amphotericin-b-conventional-amphotericin-b-deoxycholate-342582

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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