Nail biting is a widespread habit seen in children, teenagers, and even adults. While it may appear trivial, this habit can lead to various health problems.

The issues caused by nail biting go beyond the appearance of damaged nails. It can also result in infections, tooth decay, digestive issues, and even increase the likelihood of spreading harmful viruses and bacteria.

Health Impacts of Nail Biting

Nail biting, medically known as onychophagia, is often an unconscious action, especially when someone is feeling anxious, bored, or stressed.

Although it may seem harmless, this habit can present several health risks, including:

Risk of Infection Around the Nails

Biting nails can damage the soft skin surrounding the nails, which might seem like a minor issue. However, these small wounds can create an entry point for bacteria and viruses from the mouth or the environment.

When bacteria or viruses enter through these small wounds, it can lead to a condition known as paronychia, an infection that causes inflammation of the tissue around the nail. Symptoms include swelling, redness, warmth, and pus beneath the skin's surface.

Tooth and Gum Damage

Frequent nail biting can cause harm to the tooth structure. The pressure exerted from biting can create scratches, cracks, or fractures in the tooth enamel.

This habit can also lead to misaligned or displaced teeth, especially in the front. In addition to damaging teeth, germs on the nails can enter the mouth, causing gum issues such as gingivitis.

Digestive Problems and Worm Infections

Even though nails may look clean, they can harbor dirt and germs. When biting nails, fragments of nails, along with any germs attached, may be swallowed.

These germs can enter the digestive system, leading to various health problems, including digestive issues and parasitic infections, like intestinal worms. Nail biting also increases the risk of diseases that spread through the fecal-oral route, where microorganisms from feces are transferred to the mouth.

Spread of Viruses and Bacteria

Nails and hands are prime areas for the transmission of viruses and bacteria. When hands aren’t properly washed and nails are bitten, germs can enter the body directly.

This habit can heighten the risk of contracting diseases, particularly during transitional seasons when the immune system may be weaker.

Psychological and Behavioral Issues

Nail biting is often linked to stress, anxiety, or boredom. In some instances, it may be a symptom of a compulsive disorder called onychophagia.

For children and adolescents, nail biting can cause embarrassment or a lack of confidence when others notice the habit. This can affect social interactions and lead to challenges in daily activities.

Aesthetic Damage to Nails

Constant nail biting can severely affect the natural shape of the nails. Over time, nails become shorter, untidy, and difficult to grow back to their original state.

In severe cases, the habit can permanently disrupt nail growth, leaving nails unhealthy and misshapen.

While nail biting might seem harmless, it can have serious consequences for both physical and mental health. If you or someone close to you is struggling to break this habit, particularly if it’s accompanied by anxiety, it's a good idea to consult with a doctor or psychologist.

You can also take advantage of the health consultation service available on the Ai Care app, which is available for download on the App Store and Play Store.

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