It’s understandable to feel alarmed when you notice a lump in your breast. Lumps can be one of the signs of breast cancer, and they may appear in the breast or the armpit. But are all breast lumps caused by cancer? Read on to learn more.

Causes of Breast Lumps

You might discover a lump while you are taking a shower or during daily activities. Even so, a breast lump does not automatically indicate cancer. Several possible causes of this symptom include:

1. Fibrocystic Disorder

Fibrocystic changes affect roughly 50–60% of women worldwide. This condition involves fluid-filled cysts along with thickened breast tissues in one or both breasts. The thickening can make the breast surface feel firm, swollen, or tender and is often noticeable on touch.

In some cases, fibrocystic changes can also cause breast pain and nipple discharge. This is commonly seen in premenopausal women due to hormonal fluctuation and, when mild, usually does not require specific treatment.

2. Fibrosis

Fibrosis refers to a buildup of scar-like tissue that makes the breast feel firm and dense on palpation. If you notice this in your breast, try not to panic. Fibrosis rarely progresses to breast cancer.

4. Fibroadenoma

A fibroadenoma is a common benign breast tumor. A typical clinical symptom is that the breast lump is mobile and can change position. The lump tends to be round, marble-like, firm to the touch, and may be slightly tender.

This condition is frequently found in active women of 20-30 years old. The size of fibroadenoma often shrinks over time, but surgical removal is sometimes needed. Consult a surgeon to determine the most appropriate management.

5. Intraductal Papilloma

An intraductal papilloma is a lump that develops within a milk duct. It usually presents as a single, larger mass located near the nipple.

Should Breast Lumps be Removed?

Surgery is generally unnecessary for noncancerous lumps. However, it is best to discuss the most suitable approach for your lump with your doctor.

During the visit, your doctor may order additional tests such as a biopsy, mammogram, breast MRI, breast ultrasound, and a ductogram if there is nipple discharge.

To drain a fluid-filled cyst, your doctor may suggest fine-needle aspiration. If an infection is present, antibiotics will be prescribed to treat it.

Although many breast lumps are not signs of breast cancer, regular self-checks are still important. See your doctor if you are concerned that a lump could indicate breast cancer.

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