Kortison

Kortison
Credit: Sport Doctor London

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Brand/Nama Lain

Nama dagang dari obat ini adalah Kortison Acetate dan Cortison Harsen.

 

Cara Kerja

Kortison adalah obat antiradang. Obat ini bekerja mengurangi terjadinya peradangan dengan cara mencegah pergerakan dari sel radang (leukosit polimorfonuklear) menuju ke lokasi peradangan. Sehingga dapat meredakan gejala peradangan yang terjadi.

 

Indikasi

Obat digunakan pada kondisi peradangan dan juga alergi. Selain itu, obat ini juga menjadi pengobatan untuk pasien yang mengalami penyakit kelenjar adrenal ginjal yang tidak mampu bekerja secara optimal (insufisiensi kelenjar adrenal).

 

Kontraindikasi

Kortison tidak dapat digunakan pada kondisi medis berikut ini:

  • Sedang mengalami infeksi jamur atau infeksi virus
  • Infeksi bakteri akut
  • Pasca memperoleh vaksin hidup

 

Efek Samping

Efek samping yang dapat terjadi seperti di bawah ini:

  • Nyeri ulu hati
  • Mual dan muntah
  • Nyeri kepala
  • Pusing
  • Pada wanita dapat terjadi perubahan menstruasi seperti adanya jadwal mestruasi tidak teratur atau tidak mengalami menstruasi
  • Gangguan tidur
  • Peningkatan nafsu makan

Efek samping serius yang dapat terjadi setelah menggunakan obat ini adalah:

  • Nyeri pada tulang atau sendi
  • Mudah berdarah atau mengalami lebam
  • Detak jantung cepat dan tidak beraturan
  • Mudah haus dan sering berkemih
  • Perubahan mental dan suasana hati
  • Nyeri pada otot
  • Bengkak pada wajah
  • Mengalami infeksi
  • Luka tidak mudah sembuh
  • Bengkak pada kaki dan tungkai
  • Pertumbuhan rambut yang tidak wajar
  • Perubahan pada penglihatan

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk tablet 25 mg dan suntik.

 

Dosis

Dosis sesuai dengan tujuan pengobatan dan usia yaitu:

Kondisi peradangan dan alergi

  • Dewasa, dosis dimulai dengan 25-300 mg perhari. Jika sudah mencapai respon pengobatan yang diinginkan. Maka dosis diturunkan secara perlahan hingga mencapai dosis efektif harian.

Pengobatan insufisiensi adrenal

  • Dewasa, dosis obat sebesar 12.5-37.5 mg perhari yang dibagi menjadi beberapa dosis.
  • Anak, dosis obat 5-25 mg perhari terbagi ke dalam beberapa dosis.

 

Keamanan

Obat ini pada kehamilan masuk ke dalam kategori D. Artinya obat ini pada hewan uji coba dan juga manusia menunjukkan dampak buruk terhadap janin. Selain itu, obat ini juga dapat masuk ke dalam ASI. Sehingga penggunaan obat ini saat menyusui tidak diperbolehkan.

 

Interaksi Obat

Interaksi kortison dengan beberapa obat dapat menimbulkan efek seperti di bawah ini:

  • Efektivitas dari kortison dapat berkurang jika digunakan bersama dengan obat pheniton (antikejang), rifampisin (antituberkulosis) dan efedrin (obat meredakan gejala hidung tersumbat).
  • Penggunaan bersama obat penurun darah dan antidiabetes dapat mengurangi efektivitas obat tersebut.
  • Interaksi dengan obat yang meningkatkan produksi urin (thiazide, furosemide) dan antijamur (amphotericin B) dapat meningkatkan risiko hipokalemia.
  • Efektivitas obat pengencer darah menurun apabila digunakan dengan kortison.
  • Kadar kortison dalam darah menurun akibat berinteraksi dengan hormon estrogen.
  • Obat ini kategori D untuk kehamilan, yaitu tidak boleh dikonsumsi oleh wanita hamil karena terbukti menimbulkan risiko berbahaya bagi janin. Hanya boleh digunakan dalam kondisi darurat atau saran dari dokter.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 06:27

Cortisone  – Mims Indonesia. (2022). Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/cortisone?mtype=generic

Cortisone Acetate -Uses, Side Effects and More – WebMD. (2022). Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-8641/cortisone-oral/details

Cortisone Shots - Mayo Clinic. Mayoclinic.org. (2021). Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/about/pac-20384794

Cortisone Shots – Cleveland Clinic. clevelandclinic.org. (2021). Retrieved 2 July 2022, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17759-cortisone-shots

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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.86msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6635 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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