Esomeprazole

Esomeprazole
Esomeprazole adalah obat yang tergolong sebagai penghambat pompa proton.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Arcolase, Esoferr, Esola, Esopump, Exocid, Nexigas, Nexium, Nexium MUPS, Esocazol, Esomax, Esozid, Graxium, Lanxium, Proxium, Simprazol.

 

Cara Kerja

Esomeprazole adalah obat yang tergolong sebagai penghambat pompa proton. Sesuai nama golongannya, esomeprazole bekerja dengan menghambat ‘pompa proton’, suatu protein yang terdapat pada sel khusus di lapisan dinding lambung yang berfungsi untuk memompa asam ke dalam lambung.

Penghambatan pompa ini akan membuat produksi asam lambung menurun, sehingga keluhan yang timbul akibat peningkatan asam lambung akan mereda.

 

Indikasi

Obat ini digunakan untuk mengatasi kondisi terkait asam lambung yang berlebihan di lambung. Beberapa penyakit yang ditandai dengan kondisi ini adalah:

  • Ulkus atau tukak pada lambung dan usus dua belas jari.
  • Esofagitis erosif, peradangan pada kerongkongan.
  • GERD atau refluks asam lambung yang mengalir kembali ke kerongkongan.
  • Sindrom Zollinger-Ellison (ZES), suatu bentuk tumor pada pankreas atau usus dua belas jari.

Obat ini juga digunakan bersama antibiotik untuk mengatasi ulkus yang disebabkan oleh bakteri H. pylori. Selain itu, esomeprazole juga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mencegah atau mengobati ulkus akibat penggunaan obat pereda nyeri golongan antiinflamasi nonsteroid seperti ibuprofen yang berlebihan.

Bila Anda tertarik untuk membaca lebih jauh mengenai ulkus lambung, Anda bisa membacanya di sini: Ulkus Peptikum - Definisi, Penyebab dan Faktor Risiko.

 

Kontraindikasi

Esomeprazole tidak boleh digunakan bila Anda memiliki kondisi berikut:

  • Hipersensitivitas atau alergi terhadap obat ini.
  • Sedang dalam pengobatan antiretroviral rilpivirine, atazanavir dan nelfinavir.

 

Efek Samping

Efek samping yang dapat terjadi adalah:

  • Mual
  • Muntah
  • Nyeri ulu hati
  • Kembung
  • Diare
  • Sembelit
  • Nyeri kepala
  • Pusing

Penggunaan obat ini dapat meningkatkan risiko patah tulang pinggul, pergelangan tangan dan tulang belakang, terutama pada orang yang berusia ≥50 tahun, menggunakan obat dalam dosis tinggi, atau memakai obat ini dalam waktu ≥1 tahun.

Esomeprazole juga dapat menyebabkan hipomagnesemia (penurunan kadar magnesium) dan polip lambung (pertumbuhan jaringan abnormal pada lambung) jika digunakan lebih dari 1 tahun.  Penggunaan obat ini juga dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya penyerapan vitamin B12 di tubuh dan infeksi saluran cerna akibat tidak dihasilkannya asam lambung.

 

Sediaan

  • Serbuk injeksi 40 mg.
  • Tablet atau kapsul 20 mg dan 40 mg.

 

Dosis

GERD

Dewasa

  • Obat minum dosis 20-40 mg sekali sehari selama 4 minggu.
  • Dosis pemeliharaan sebesar 20 mg sekali sehari selama 6 bulan.

Anak-Anak (1-11 Tahun)

  • Berat badan ≥10 kg - 19 kg: Obat minum 10 mg sekali sehari selama 8 minggu.
  • Berat badan ≥20 kg: Obat minum 10-20 mg sekali sehari selama 8 minggu. Dosis pemeliharaan 10 mg sekali sehari.

 

Ulkus Lambung dan Duodenum

  • Obat diberikan pada pasien dewasa dalam bentuk suntikan sebagai pencegahan terjadinya perdarahan setelah prosedur endoskopi.
  • Dosis 80 mg diberikan melalui infus selama 30 menit dan diikuti infus 8 mg/jam selama 72 jam.
  • Dapat diberikan obat minum dengan dosis 40 mg sekali sehari selama 4 minggu setelahnya.

 

Keamanan

Kehamilan: Kategori C

Tidak terdapat data yang memadai dari penelitian yang dilakukan pada manusia, namun terdapat efek merugikan akibat obat pada janin dari penelitian yang dilakukan pada hewan uji coba.      

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Penggunaan bersama obat yang meningkatkan enzim CYP3A4 seperti antituberkulosis rifampicin dapat mengurangi konsentrasi esomeprazole di dalam darah. Hal ini bisa membuat obat menjadi kurang efektif.
  • Penggunaan bersama obat yang menghambat enzim CYP3A4 seperti antibiotik clarithromycin dan antijamur voriconazole dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi esomeprazole di dalam darah. Hal ini bisa meningkatkan risiko terjadinya efek samping dari esomeprazole.
  • Bisa menurunkan kadar antivirus atazanavir atau nelfinavir secara signifikan dan menimbulkan terjadinya resistensi obat tersebut di kemudian hari.

 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Arifin Muhammad Siregar
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 01:59

Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional. 1.3.4 Penghambat Pompa Proton. Retrieved 6 September 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/ioni/bab-1-sistem-saluran-cerna-0/13-antitukak/134-penghambat-pompa-proton.

MIMS Indonesia. (2020). Esomeprazole. Retrieved 6 September 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/esomeprazole?mtype=generic.

Medicines.org. (2021). Esomeprazole 40 mg Gastro-resistant Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (emc). Retrieved 6 September 2022, from https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/9950/smpc#gref.

European Medicines Agency. (2022). Nexium Control. Retrieved 6 September 2022, from https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/nexium-control.

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      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:779
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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