Chlorpromazine

Chlorpromazine
Tablet chlorpromazine 100 mg.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Cepezet, Chlorpromazine HCL, Klorpromazin, Meprosetil, Promactil.

 

Cara Kerja

Chlorpromazine termasuk dalam kelas obat yang disebut antipsikotik konvensional. Obat ini bekerja dengan mengubah aktivitas zat alami tertentu di otak dan bagian tubuh lainnya. Chlorpromazine akan menghambat reseptor dopamin. Hormon dopamin berperan dalam berbagai fungsi tubuh, seperti ingatan dan fungsi reward. Kadar dopamin yang tinggi atau rendah di tubuh dikaitkan dengan gangguan saraf atau pada kesehatan mental.

 

Indikasi

Obat ini digunakan untuk mengobati gejala skizofrenia (penyakit mental yang menyebabkan pemikiran terganggu atau tidak normal), gangguan psikotik lainnya (kondisi yang menyebabkan kesulitan membedakan antara hal-hal atau gagasan yang nyata dan tidak nyata), dan untuk mengobati gejala manik pada orang yang memiliki gangguan bipolar.

Obat ini juga diberikan untuk tujuan berikut:

  • Mengobati masalah perilaku yang berat seperti perilaku agresif dan hiperaktif pada anak usia 1 hingga 12 tahun
  • Mengendalikan mual-muntah dan untuk meredakan cegukan yang telah berlangsung selama satu bulan atau lebih
  • Meredakan kegelisahan dan kegugupan yang mungkin terjadi sesaat sebelum operasi
  • Mengobati porfiria intermiten akut (kondisi di mana zat alami tertentu menumpuk di dalam tubuh dan menyebabkan sakit perut, perubahan pemikiran dan perilaku, dan gejala lainnya)
  • Chlorpromazine juga digunakan bersama dengan obat lain untuk mengobati tetanus (infeksi serius yang dapat menyebabkan pengencangan otot, terutama otot rahang)

 

Kontraindikasi

Obat ini tidak boleh diberikan pada orang-orang dengan kondisi:

  • Riwayat alergi chlorpromazine
  • Riwayat penyakit/gangguan sistem saraf pusat
  • Gangguan sumsum tulang

 

Efek Samping

Chlorpromazine dapat menimbulkan efek samping seperti:

  • Mengantuk
  • Pusing
  • Sakit kepala ringan
  • Mulut kering
  • Penglihatan kabur
  • Kelelahan
  • Mual
  • Sembelit
  • Kenaikan berat badan
  • Kesulitan tidur dapat terjadi
  • Obat ini dapat menyebabkan masalah otot/sistem saraf (gejala ekstrapiramidal). Beri tahu dokter Anda segera jika Anda mengalami salah satu dari efek samping berikut:
    • Perasaan cemas atau gelisah
    • Produksi air liur berlebihan/masalah menelan
    • Kegelisahan/rasa ingin terus-menerus untuk bergerak
    • Gemetar (tremor)
    • Berjalan terseok-seok
    • Kejang otot yang parah/kram (seperti memutar leher, punggung melengkung)
    • Ekspresi wajah seperti topeng
  • Obat ini mungkin dapat menyebabkan kondisi yang sangat serius yang disebut neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Dapatkan bantuan medis segera jika Anda mengalami salah satu dari gejala berikut:
    • Demam
    • Otot kaku, nyeri, atau lemah
    • Kelelahan hebat
    • Kebingungan
    • Berkeringat
    • Detak jantung cepat/tidak teratur
    • Urine berwarna gelap
    • Tanda-tanda masalah ginjal (seperti penurunan jumlah urin)

 

Sediaan

Chlorpromazine tersedia dalam bentuk:

  • Tablet 100 mg
  • Obat suntik serbuk vial 50 mg

 

Dosis

Obat Suntik

  • Dewasa: 25-50 mg diulang setiap 6 - 8 jam, lalu diganti dengan obat minum sesegera mungkin
  • Anak-anak:
    • Usia 1-12 tahun: 500 mcg/kg setiap 4 - 6 jam
    • Dosis maksimal:
      • Usia >5 tahun: 75 mg per hari
      • Usia 1 - 5 tahun: 40 mg per hari
  • Lansia: dosis awal 1/3 - 1/2 dosis dewasa normal

Obat Minum

  • Dewasa:
    • 25 mg tiga kali sehari; dapat diberikan sebagai dosis tunggal 75 mg pada malam hari
    • Dosis pemeliharaan: 25-100 mg 3 kali sehari, dapat ditingkatkan menjadi 1 g setiap hari seperti yang diperlukan pada pasien psikotik
  • Anak-anak
    • Usia 1 - 12 tahun: 500 mcg/kg setiap 4-6 jam
    • Dosis maksimal: usia >5 tahun: 75 mg per hari; usia 1-5 tahun: 40 mg per hari
  • Lansia: dosis awal 1/3 - 1/2 dosis dewasa normal.

 

Keamanan

  • Chlorpromazine dapat menyebabkan suatu kondisi yang memengaruhi irama jantung (pemanjangan gelombang QT), dapat menyebabkan detak jantung cepat/tidak teratur dan gejala lain (seperti pusing hebat, pingsan) yang memerlukan penanganan medis segera
  • Obat ini dapat membuat Anda pusing, mengantuk, atau mengaburkan penglihatan Anda
  • Obat ini mungkin membuat Anda lebih sensitif terhadap sinar matahari
  • Selama kehamilan, obat ini harus digunakan hanya jika benar-benar dibutuhkan. Hindari penggunaan klorpromazin mendekati tanggal taksiran persalinan karena dapat menyebabkan tekanan darah rendah pada ibu.
  • Obat ini dikeluarkan melalui ASI dan mungkin memiliki efek yang tidak diinginkan pada bayi yang menyusui. Konsultasikan dengan dokter Anda sebelum menyusui.

 

Interaksi Obat

Dapat meningkatkan risiko efek samping serius jika diberikan bersama dengan obat penenang, antihistamin (obat alergi), anestesi/bius umum, dan alkohol.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr David Wiliam
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 01:31

BPOM RI. Chlorpromazine. cekbpom.pom.go.id. Retrieved 15 May 2022, from https://cekbpom.pom.go.id//home/produk/69bhknndt7v4km8sdutf8ashf5/all/row/10/page/1/order/4/DESC/search/5/Chlorpromazine

MIMS Indonesia. Chlorpromazine. Mims.com. Retrieved 15 May 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/chlorpromazine?mtype=generic

Web MD. Chlorpromazine - Uses, Side Effects, and More. Webmd.com. Retrieved 15 May 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1444/chlorpromazine-oral/details

Medlineplus. Chlorpromazine. Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 15 May 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682040.html

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.3msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8699 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.08msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1204 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.04msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3056 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3056
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.9msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7269 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7269
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.08msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6564 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6564
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.03msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2546 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2546
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.99msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9580 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 4788
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2569 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2569
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.99msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2689 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2689
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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