Cefalexin

Cefalexin

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Cefabiotic, Lexipron, Cefalexin Monohydrate, Madlexin, Sofaxin, Tepaxin.

 

Cara Kerja

Cefalexin termasuk dalam kelas obat yang disebut antibiotik sefalosporin. Obat ini bekerja dengan membunuh bakteri.

 

Indikasi

  • Infeksi kulit dan infeksi saluran kemih tanpa komplikasi
  • Infeksi gigi akut, prostatitis akut (peradangan akut pada kelenjar prostat, yaitu organ reproduksi pria yang berperan dalam memproduksi sperma), infeksi tulang dan sendi, infeksi genitourinari (organ reproduksi dan saluran kemih), dan infeksi saluran pernafasan.
  • Faringitis (peradangan pada faring/tenggorokan) yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri streptokokus.
  • Otitis media (infeksi pada telinga bagian tengah).

 

Kontraindikasi

  • Riwayat alergi cefalexin dan antibiotik golongan sefalosporin lainnya.
  • Porfiria akut (sekelompok penyakit yang disebabkan oleh proses pembentukan heme yang tidak sempurna. Heme adalah bagian dari hemoglobin, yaitu protein di dalam sel darah merah yang berperan membawa oksigen dari paru-paru ke seluruh tubuh).

 

Efek Samping

  • Diare, mual, muntah, atau sakit perut dapat terjadi. Jika salah satu dari efek ini menetap atau memburuk, beri tahu dokter Anda segera.
  • Penggunaan obat ini untuk waktu yang lama atau berulang dapat menyebabkan infeksi jamur pada mulut dan kemaluan. Hubungi dokter Anda jika Anda melihat bercak putih di mulut Anda, keputihan yang tidak biasa, atau gejala infeksi jamur lainnya.
  • Obat ini mungkin dapat menyebabkan gangguan usus yang parah karena bakteri yang disebut difficile. Kondisi ini dapat terjadi selama pengobatan atau berminggu-minggu hingga berbulan-bulan setelah pengobatan dihentikan. Beri tahu dokter Anda segera jika Anda mengalami: diare yang tidak berhenti, sakit/kram perut, dan terdapat darah/lendir pada tinja Anda.

 

Sediaan

Cefalexin tersedia dalam bentuk kapsul dan sirup.

 

Dosis

Infeksi kulit dan infeksi saluran kemih tanpa komplikasi

  • Dewasa: 250 mg setiap 6 jam atau 500 mg setiap 12 jam. Dosis maksimal: 4,000 mg per hari dalam 2-4 dosis terbagi.
  • Anak-anak: 25-50 mg/kg per hari dalam dosis terbagi yang diberikan setiap 12 jam.

Infeksi gigi akut, prostatitis akut, infeksi tulang dan sendi, infeksi genitourinari, infeksi saluran pernafasan

  • Dewasa: 1.000-4.000 mg per hari dalam dosis terbagi.
  • Anak-anak usia <5 tahun: 125 mg setiap 8 jam; ≥5 tahun 250 mg setiap 8 jam. Dosis dapat dinaikkan pada infeksi berat. Dosis biasa: 25-50 mg/kg per hari dalam dosis terbagi.

Faringitis streptokokus

  • Dewasa: 250 mg setiap 6 jam atau 500 mg setiap 12 jam selama minimal 10 hari. Dosis maksimal: 4,000 mg per hari dalam dosis terbagi.
  • Anak-anak: 25-50 mg/kg per hari dalam dosis terbagi yang diberikan setiap 12 jam selama minimal 10 hari.

Otitis media

  • Anak-anak: 75-100 mg/kg per hari dalam 4 dosis terbagi.

 

Keamanan

  • Bentuk cair dari cefalexin mungkin mengandung gula. Diperlukan pengawasan ketat dan hati-hati jika Anda menderita diabetes. Tanyakan kepada dokter Anda tentang keamanan penggunaan obat ini.
  • Cefalexin dapat menyebabkan vaksin bakteri hidup (seperti vaksin tifoid) tidak bekerja dengan baik. Beri tahu ahli kesehatan Anda bahwa Anda menggunakan cefalexin sebelum melakukan imunisasi/vaksinasi.
  • Selama kehamilan, obat ini harus digunakan hanya jika benar-benar dibutuhkan. Diskusikan risiko dan manfaatnya dengan dokter Anda.
  • Obat ini dikeluarkan melalui ASI. Konsultasikan dengan dokter Anda sebelum menyusui.

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Pemberian bersama probenesid (obat untuk menurunkan kadar asam urat) dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kadar cefalexin dalam darah.
  • Cefalexin dapat meningkatkan kadar obat metformin (obat diabetes) dalam darah.
  • Peningkatan risiko merusak ginjal jika diberikan dengan amfoterisin (antijamur), diuretik (obat-obatan yang digunakan untuk membuang kelebihan air dan garam dari dalam tubuh), aminoglikosida (kelompok obat antibiotik), kapreomisin (antibiotik), atau vankomisin (antibiotik).
  • Dapat meningkatkan risiko hipokalemia (kadar kalium dalam darah di bawah nilai normal) jika diberikan dengan gentamisin (antibiotik).
  • Dapat menurunkan efek dari obat kontrasepsi yang mengandung hormon estrogen.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr David Wiliam
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 02:32

BPOM RI. Cefalexin. cekbpom.pom.go.id. Retrieved 23 April 2022, from https://cekbpom.pom.go.id//home/produk/69bhknndt7v4km8sdutf8ashf5/all/row/10/page/1/order/4/DESC/search/5/Cefalexin

MIMS Indonesia. Cefalexin. Mims.com. Retrieved 23 April 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/cefalexin?mtype=generic  

Web MD. Cephalexin - Uses, Side Effects, and More. Webmd.com. Retrieved 23 April 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-11757/cephalexin-oral/details

Medlineplus. Cephalexin. Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 23 April 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682733.html

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 6523
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 1561
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6481 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6481
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 5325
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.95msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4779 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4779
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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