Bupivacaine Hydrochloride

Bupivacaine Hydrochloride
Credit: amazon.com. Gambaran sediaan bupivacaine.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Decain, Buvathetic, Buvanest Spinal 0,5% Heavy, Buvanest, Bupivacain Spinal, Bupiloc Spinal 0,5% Heavy, Bupican Heavy, Bupican, Bunascan Spinal 0,5% Heavy,  Bucain Spinal.

 

Cara Kerja

Bupivacaine hydrochloride bekerja dengan cara menghambat rangsangan / impuls nyeri yang dikirimkan oleh sel saraf menuju otak, sehingga rasa nyeri akan hilang untuk sementara.

 

Indikasi

Bupivacaine hydrochloride digunakan sebagai obat anti nyeri (obat yang berfungsi mengatasi rasa nyeri), obat bius selama prosedur operasi, dan sebagai anti nyeri setelah operasi.

 

Kontraindikasi

  • Pasien dengan penyakit sistem saraf pusat, misalnya meningitis (peradangan yang terjadi pada meningen, yaitu suatu lapisan pelindung yang menyelimuti otak dan saraf tulang belakang yang disebabkan oleh infeksi) dan perdarahan dalam otak / intrakranial.
  • Tuberkulosis (TB) tulang belakang, yaitu suatu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang menyerang tulang belakang.
  • Terdapat infeksi parah (biasanya ditandai dengan adanya nanah) pada tempat penyuntikan.
  • Peningkatan tekanan dalam otak / intrakranial.

 

Efek Samping

  • Bradikardia (detak jantung menjadi lebih lambat dari batas normal)
  • Hipotensi (tekanan darah rendah).
  • Hipertensi (tekanan darah tinggi).
  • Mual, muntah, pusing.
  • Diplopia (pandangan ganda: suatu gangguan penglihatan yang menyebabkan seseorang melihat dua bayangan dari satu objek yang sama).
  • Neuropati (suatu kerusakan / gangguan yang terjadi pada sistem saraf sehingga dapat menimbulkan gejala seperti mati rasa, nyeri, kelemahan, lemas, atau sensasi seperti kesemutan, yang biasanya mengenai tangan atau kaki).
  • Arachnoiditis (suatu peradangan yang mengenai arachnoid, yaitu membran yang melapisi otak dan sumsum tulang belakang).
  • Paraplegia (kelumpuhan anggota gerak bawah, dimulai dari panggul hingga kaki).
  • Tanda-tanda kerusakan sistem saraf pusat (misalnya kejang, parestesia / sensasi kesemutan, tremor / gerakan gemetar yang tidak terkendali)
  • Reaksi alergi.
  • Berpotensi fatal (dapat mengakibatkan kematian): gangguan irama jantung / aritmia, henti jantung, dan henti napas.

 

Sediaan

Bupivacaine hydrochloride tersedia dalam bentuk obat suntik dan hanya dapat diberikan oleh dokter atau tenaga medis di bawah pengawasan dokter.

 

Dosis

Anti nyeri (pengobatan nyeri)

  • Dewasa: nyeri saat persalinan: larutan 0,25%: 15-30 mg (6-12 mL); larutan 0,375%: 22,5-45 mg (6-12 mL); larutan 0,5%: 30-60 mg (6-12 mL).
  • Anak-anak 1-12 tahun: larutan 0,25%: 1,5-2 mg/kg. Larutan 0,25 atau 0,5%: 0,5-2 mg/kg.

Anti nyeri setelah operasi

  • Larutan 0,1%: 4-15 mg (4-15 mL) per jam; larutan 0,125%: 5-15 mg (4-12 mL) per jam.

Obat bius sebelum prosedur operasi

  • Bius lokal: larutan 0,25%: dosis dapat diberikan hingga maksimal 150 mg (60 mL).

 

Keamanan

  • Obat ini termasuk kategori C untuk ibu hamil. Penelitian pada hewan uji coba menunjukkan terdapat efek samping terhadap janin, tetapi belum ada penelitian terkontrol pada wanita hamil.
  • Obat ini dikeluarkan melalui ASI. Konsultasikan dengan dokter Anda sebelum menyusui.

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Peningkatan efek samping jika diberikan dengan obat bius lokal lain seperti lidokain dan meksiletin.
  • Peningkatan risiko gangguan otot jantung jika diberikan dengan obat antiaritmia (obat untuk mengatasi gangguan irama jantung).
  • Peningkatan efek samping jika diberikan dengan hyaluronidase (obat berupa protein yang dirancang secara genetik).
  • Peningkatan kadar obat bupivacaine hydrochloride dalam darah jika diberikan dengan obat untuk menurunkan asam lambung seperti simetidin dan ranitidin.
  • Peningkatan risiko terjadinya efek samping jika diberikan dengan obat penurun tekanan darah seperti beta bloker dan penghambat kanal kalsium.
Writer : dr David Wiliam
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Jumat, 14 April 2023 | 11:06

Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional BPOM. Bupivakain Hidroklorida. Pionas.pom.go.id. Retrieved 30 March 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/bupivakain-hidroklorida

BPOM RI. Bupivacaine Hydrochloride. cekbpom.pom.go.id. Retrieved 30 March 2022, from https://cekbpom.pom.go.id//home/produk/69bhknndt7v4km8sdutf8ashf5/all/row/10/page/1/order/4/DESC/search/5/Bupivacaine%20Hydrochloride

MIMS Indonesia. Bupivacaine Hydrochloride. Mims.com. Retrieved 30 March 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/bupivacaine?mtype=generic

 

 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new20.02msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9328 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new15.59msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10030 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 10030
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new16.79msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1634 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1634
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.07msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7272 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7272
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.27msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9050 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9050
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.12msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4874 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 5030
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.98msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5118 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5118
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1638 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1638
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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