Birth control implants are a popular choice among contraceptive options due to their convenience and high effectiveness in preventing pregnancy. Unlike birth control pills, which require a regular intake schedule, implants do not need to be taken on a daily basis. This method also does not interfere with sexual activity and can be removed whenever you decide to try for another pregnancy.
Providing long-term protection for up to 3 years, birth control implants are a reliable option. However, as with other forms of contraception, they come with certain risks and side effects that should be taken into account prior to use.
How Birth Control Implants Work
Birth control implants function by gradually releasing the hormone progestin into the bloodstream. This hormone thickens the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. Additionally, progestin prevents the release of eggs and thins the uterine lining, making it harder for a fertilized egg to implant.
This method ensures a highly effective pregnancy prevention rate of over 99%.
Risks and Side Effects of Using Birth Control Implants
While birth control implants offer many benefits and a protection rate exceeding 99%, they are not without potential risks and side effects. Below are some of the common ones:
Changes in Menstruation
After the insertion of the birth control implant, you might notice changes in your menstrual cycle, such as missed periods or irregular menstruation.
Some individuals may experience heavier or more painful periods, especially during the initial months. Typically, these side effects will improve or fade as the body adjusts.
Weight Fluctuations
Some users report gaining weight after the insertion of birth control implants. This could be attributed to fluid retention or an increase in appetite due to hormonal fluctuations.
Headaches and Dizziness
Hormonal changes resulting from birth control implants may cause headaches or dizziness. These symptoms are usually temporary. However, if the discomfort persists or intensifies, it is advised to seek medical attention promptly.
Mood Swings and Depression
In some cases, users may experience changes in mood, anxiety, or even depressive symptoms. These are typically caused by hormonal shifts that affect neurotransmitters in the brain.
Breast Tenderness
Breast tenderness is another side effect often reported after implant insertion. This is generally a temporary condition that resolves as the body adjusts.
Acne Breakouts and Skin Changes
The use of birth control implants may trigger acne or worsen existing skin conditions in some individuals. The response is largely based on how the body reacts to the hormone progestin.
Other Risks
While birth control implants are largely safe and effective, some individuals may develop infections around the insertion site, characterized by swelling, redness, pain, or warmth.
In rare cases, the implant may shift slightly from its original position.
More serious risks, such as the formation of blood clots or ectopic pregnancy, are rare but possible.
If you are considering birth control implants but are concerned about potential side effects or risks, it is advised to consult with a midwife or doctor. You may also seek advice through the Ai Care app, which is available for download from the App Store or Play Store.
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- dr Hanifa Rahma
NHS UK (2024). Side effects and risks of the contraceptive implant. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/contraception/methods-of-contraception/contraceptive-implant/side-effects-and-risks/
Cleveland Clinic (2022). Contraceptive Implant. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24564-contraceptive-implant
Planned Parenthood. What are the side effects of the birth control implant?. Available from: https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-implant-nexplanon/nexplanon-side-effects
Zawn Villines (2023). What's the link between birth control and headaches?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322354
Eveline Mu and Jayashri Kulkarni (2022). Hormonal contraception and mood disorders. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9218393/