During pregnancy, a woman undergoes many physical and emotional changes. One of the symptoms they can experience in pregnancy is low blood pressure, also called hypotension.

In most cases, low blood pressure in pregnancy is not dangerous. However, it can still lead to problems for both the mother and the baby. This article explains the possible risks of hypotension and what can be done to manage them.

Causes of Low Blood Pressure in Pregnancy

Low blood pressure (hypotension) is defined as the decrease of blood pressure below 90/60 mmHg. This condition is commonly found in pregnant women, especially during the first and second trimesters. Early in pregnancy, blood vessels widen to increase blood flow to the uterus, in turn causing the blood pressure to drop.

Throughout pregnancy, blood pressure can fluctuate throughout the day. Hormonal changes, increased blood volume, your diet, stress levels, and daily activities all play a role in blood pressure fluctuations.

Other factors that may contribute to low blood pressure during pregnancy include:

• Dehydration

• Anaemia

• Internal bleeding

• Lying down or sleeping for long periods

• Use of certain medicines

• Heart problems

• Infections

• Nutritional deficiencies

• Allergic reactions

Dangers of Low Blood Pressure in Pregnancy

Generally, low blood pressure during pregnancy is considered normal and is often not harmful. If it does not cause any symptoms that affect your daily life, doctors usually do not recommend any specific treatment.

Even so, pregnant women should seek medical care if their blood pressure levels drop sharply, below 90/60 mmHg. A very low measurement can cause dizziness and fainting, and may signal organ damage or shock. Low blood pressure can also be a warning sign of more serious pregnancy complications, such as an ectopic pregnancy.

Some studies indicate that low blood pressure in pregnancy may be linked to a higher risk of complications in pregnancy such as low birth weight or stillbirth.

However, this usually occurs together with other risk factors that worsen your conditions. Regular antenatal check-ups are therefore essential to monitor the health of both mother and baby and to detect complications as early as possible.

How to Manage Low Blood Pressure in Pregnancy

Low blood pressure during pregnancy often does not require special treatment, especially when it is not accompanied by troubling symptoms. It is a fairly common finding in pregnancy and usually improves as the pregnancy progresses.

However, low blood pressure can cause symptoms such as dizziness, blurred vision, difficulty concentrating, and fatigue. To help manage these symptoms, pregnant women can try the following measures at home:

• Eat nutritious, balanced meals

• Increase fluid intake, such as water or electrolyte drinks

• Avoid standing up too quickly from sitting or lying positions

• Avoid standing for long periods

• Rest when feeling tired

• Avoid long, hot baths

• Wear loose, comfortable clothing

If you are worried about low blood pressure during pregnancy, consult a doctor and attend regular antenatal appointments according to your baby’s development. You can also use the consultation feature on the Ai Care app, which is available on the App Store and Play Store. 

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