Having an ideal body weight is a common goal of many individuals. People often try exercise, healthy eating, and even weight loss medication to achive their ideal bodies. However, taking over-the-counter weight loss pills are not advised. How do these medicines work, and which ones are used in medical practice?

How Weight Loss Medications Work

Experts agree that the healthiest approach to weight loss is regular exercise and eating a balanced diet. Even so, under certain circumstances, doctors may prescribe weight loss medications to support a person’s health. According to Healthline, these medicines act through different mechanisms, including:

• Reducing appetite

• Reducing fat absorption

• Increasing the body’s calorie burning

Each medication is selected for specific situations based on your overall condition. Always consult your doctor about any prescribed weight loss medication.

Who Should Take Weight Loss Medications?

Weight loss medication should not be purchased freely and must be prescribed by a doctor. The Mayo Clinic notes that doctors may recommend these medicines for people who meet the following criteria:

• Have a body mass index (BMI) over 30

• Have a body mass index (BMI) along with other health problems such as obesity, diabetes, or high blood pressure

• Have not achieved about 0.5 kg of weight loss after six months of diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes

Before choosing the most suitable option, your doctor will review your medical history and current medications. In general, doctors do not prescribe weight loss medication for pregnant women or those trying to conceive.

Several Types of Weight Loss Medications and Their Side Effects

1. Orlistat

Orlistat is one of the most commonly used weight loss medications. It works by blocking the absorption of roughly one-third of the fat you eat, and the unabsorbed fat is eliminated in the stool.

According to WebMD, a multivitamin is recommended when using orlistat. This medication can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as oily stools, abdominal pain or cramping, frequent gas, and diarrhea.

2. Phentermine

Phentermine reduces appetite. It is intended for short-term use, typically a few weeks. Reported side effects include elevated blood pressure, increased heart rate, shortness of breath, and insomnia. It is not recommended at night because it can disrupt sleep. This medicine is not yet available in Indonesia.

Although some weight loss medications may be used longer term, they should still be taken only for a limited period or exactly as directed by a doctor. Avoid using weight loss medication without medical advice, especially if you have other conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure.

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