Torsio Testis

Torsio Testis
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Definisi

Torsio testis adalah kondisi di mana testis terpelintir, sehingga korda spermatik yang membawa darah ke skrotum (kantung buah zakar) terpelintir. Hal ini akan menurunkan aliran darah dan menyebabkan nyeri yang mendadak dan berat pada testis.

Torsio testis merupakan kondisi yang jarang ditemui. Kondisi ini terjadi pada sekitar 1 dari 4000 pria berusia dibawah 25 tahun.

Biasanya torsio testis terjadi pada 1 sisi saja. Hanya 2 dari 100 pria yang mengalami torsio testis pada kedua sisi.

 

Penyebab

Testis merupakan organ reproduksi pria berbentuk oval yang menggantung di dalam kantung kulit. Kantung kulit tersebut dikenal sebagai skrotum. Skrotum berada tepat di bawah pangkal penis dan disinilah tempat sperma dan hormon testosterone diproduksi. Aliran darah untuk setiap testis berasal dari korda spermatika. Korda spermatika berasal dari perut dan berjalan sampai skrotum. Di dalam korda spermatika terdapat vas deferens yang merupakan suatu saluran yang membawa sperma dari testis ke saluran yang mengalirkan sperma keluar dari penis, yaitu uretra.

Torsio testis terjadi ketika testis terpelintir pada korda spermatika. Jika testis terpelintir beberapa kali, aliran darah dapat terhambat seluruhnya sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan yang lebih cepat. 

Belum diketahui pasti mengapa torsio testis dapat terjadi. Kebanyakan pria yang mengalami torsio testis memiliki kecenderungan genetik dimana tidak terdapat jaringan yang menahan posisi testis di dalam skrotum. Hal ini memungkinkan testis berputar dengan bebas di dalam skrotum. Kondisi yang diturunkan ini sering mempengaruhi kedua testis. Namun, tidak semua pria dengan kecenderungan ini akan mengalami torsio testis.

Torsio testis sering terjadi beberapa jam setelah beraktivitas fisik berat. Bahkan torsio testis dapat terjadi setelah cedera ringan pada testis dan saat tidur. Namun, aktivitas fisik belum terbukti dapat menyebabkan testis berputar dan akhirnya terpelintir. Selain daripada itu, suhu yang dingin atau pertumbuhan testis yang cepat saat pubertas dapat juga memiliki peran dalam terjadinya torsio testis.

 

Faktor Risiko

Beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan kemungkinan mengalami torsio testis adalah:

  • Usia. Torsio testis paling sering terjadi antara usia 12 sampai 18 tahun. Namun, torsio testis dapat terjadi pada bayi, anak kecil, dan pria tua meskipun lebih jarang.
  • Riwayat torsio testis sebelumnya. Jika Anda pernah mengalami nyeri testis yang hilang tanpa terapi, maka hal ini mungkin terjadi lagi. Semakin sering terasa nyeri, semakin tinggi risiko terjadinya kerusakan testis.
  • Riwayat keluarga dengan torsio testis. Kondisi ini dapat diturunkan di keluarga.

 

Gejala

Tanda dan gejala torsio testis meliputi:

  • Nyeri hebat yang muncul mendadak di salah satu skrotum. Anak laki-laki yang mengalami torsio testis umumnya akan terbangun akibat nyeri skrotum pada tengah malam ataupun dini hari. Ini adalah tanda torsio testis yang paling sering timbul. Namun, terkadang nyeri dapat timbul perlahan dalam beberapa jam atau hari.
  • Pembengkakan pada skrotum sehingga ukuran skrotum terlihat lebih besar daripada sisi satunya.
  • Perubahan warna skrotum, misalnya menjadi kemerahan atau lebih gelap.
  • Nyeri perut
  • Mual dan muntah
  • Letak dan sudut testis yang abnormal.
  • Keluhan buang air kecil seperti frekuensi berkemih yang meningkat.
  • Demam

Pada bayi, torsio testis ditandai dengan testis bayi yang mengeras, bengkak, atau berubah warna menjadi lebih gelap.

 

Diagnosis

Untuk mendiagnosis torsio testis, dokter akan menanyakan beberapa pertanyaan untuk memastikan bahwa tanda dan gejala yang Anda alami disebabkan oleh torsio testis atau dikarenakan penyebab lain. Dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan fisik baik dari skrotum, testis, perut, dan lipat paha untuk mendiagnosa torsio testis.

Dokter juga mungkin akan melakukan pemeriksaan refleks dengan menggosok atau memencet paha bagian dalam secara lembut. Normalnya, hal ini akan menyebabkan kontraksi testis. Refleks ini dapat hilang jika Anda memiliki torsio testis.

Terkadang diperlukan pemeriksaan tambahan untuk mengkonfirmasi diagnosis atau untuk membantu mengidentifikasi adanya penyebab lain dari nyeri testis. Pemeriksaan tersebut meliputi:

  • Pemeriksaan urin untuk memeriksa adanya infeksi
  • Ultrasonografi (USG) skrotum. USG ini digunakan untuk memeriksa aliran darah. Penurunan aliran darah ke testis. merupakan tanda dari torsio testis. Namun, USG tidak selalu dapat mendeteksi penurunan aliran darah, sehingga pemeriksaan ini tidak terlalu akurat.
  • Operasi. Operasi dapat diperlukan untuk menentukan apakah gejala disebabkan oleh torsio testis atau kondisi lainnya.

Jika Anda mengalami nyeri selama beberapa jam dan setelah pemeriksaan fisik mengarah pada torsio testis, Anda mungkin akan langsung dibawa ke kamar bedah tanpa pemeriksaan tambahan. Penundaan operasi dapat mengakibatkan kehilangan testis.

 

Tata Laksana

Torsio testis merupakan kondisi kegawatdaruratan medis yang membutuhkan tindakan segera. Penanganan utama pada kasus torsio testis adalah dengan operasi. Jika ditangani dengan cepat, testis biasanya dapat diselamatkan. Namun, jika aliran darah sudah terputus terlalu lama, testis kemungkinan sudah mengalami kerusakan yang berat.

Operasi dilakukan untuk memperbaiki testis yang terpelintit. Pada beberapa kasus, dokter dapat memutar kembali testis dengan mendorong skrotum (detorsi manual). Namun, Anda tetap akan membutuhkan operasi untuk mencegah terjadinya torsio testis berulang.

Operasi untuk torsio testis biasanya dilakukan dengan pembiusan umum. Selama operasi, dokter akan membuat sayatan kecil di sktrotum, membalikkan korda spermatika yang terpelintir, dan jika diperlukan dokter akan menjahit satu atau kedua testis ke bagian dalam skrotum.

Semakin cepat testis dikembalikan pada posisinya, maka lebih besar kemungkinan testis tersebut dapat diselamatkan. Setelah 6 jam sejak munculnya nyeri, kemungkinan besar memerlukan pengangkatan testis. Jika terapi ditunda lebih dari 12 jam sejak munculnya nyeri, maka kemungkinan operasi pengangkatan testis akan meningkat.

Terapi torsio testis untuk bayi masih kontroversial. Jika seorang bayi laki-laki terlahir dengan tanda dan gejala torsio testis, maka operasi biasanya sudah terlambat dan terdapat risiko pada penggunaan bius umum. Namun, operasi emergensi biasanya dapat menyelamatkan semua atau beberapa bagian testis serta dapat mencegah torsio pada testis satunya. Terapi torsio testis pada bayi dapat mencegah masalah di masa mendatang yang berkaitan dengan produksi hormon pria dan kesuburan.

 

Komplikasi

Torsio testis dapat menyebabkan komplikasi seperti:

  • Kerusakan atau kematian testis. Oleh karena semua darah ke testis berasal dari korda spermatika, maka testis akan mengecil jika aliran darah ini tidak kembali dalam waktu 6 jam. Aliran darah yang terhambat dapat menyebabkan kerusakan permanen bahkan kematian testis. Jika testis mengalai kematian, skrotum akan menjadi sangat nyeri, merah, dan bengkak. Jika sudah terjadi hal ini, maka testis harus dibuang melalui operasi.
  • Infertilitas Pria. Pada beberapa kasus, kerusakan atau hilangnya satu testis mempengaruhi kesuburan.

 

Pencegahan

Sampai saat ini belum diketahui penyebab dari torsio testis. Testis yang dapat berputar di dalam skrotum merupakan kondisi yang diturunkan. Jika Anda memiliki kondisi ini, cara untuk mencegah torsio testis adalah dengan melakukan operasi untuk menggabungkan kedua testis pada bagian dalam skrotum.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Segera cari pertolongan medis jika Anda mengalami nyeri testis hebat yang terjadi mendadak. Penanganan yang tepat dapat mencegah kerusakan yang berat jika terjadi torsio testis.

Anda juga harus segera mencari pertolongan medis jika Anda mengalami nyeri hebat mendadak yang kemudian hilang tanpa terapi. Hal ini dapat terjadi akibat testis terpelintir, namun dapat kembali seperti semula. Operasi dilakukan untuk mencegah agar torsio testis tidak terjadi lagi.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : dr Tea Karina Sudharso
Editor :
  • dr Vivian Keung
Last Updated : Jumat, 3 Mei 2024 | 08:26

Testicular torsion - Symptoms and causes. (2022). Retrieved 30 August 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/testicular-torsion/symptoms-causes/syc-20378270.

Testicular Torsion: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment - Urology Care Foundation. Retrieved 30 August 2022, from https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/testicular-torsion.

Testicular Torsion: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment. (2019). Retrieved 30 August 2022, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15382-testicular-torsion.

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      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new7.2msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 960 where `id` = 4814
      Bindings
      • 0: 960
      • 1: 4814
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new9.63msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 4814, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 09:17:39', '2025-04-06 09:17:39')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 4814
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-06 09:17:39
      • 8: 2025-04-06 09:17:39
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new800μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 31 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 31
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.83msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5471 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5471
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.75msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9451 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9451
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.82msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9570 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9570
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new13.19msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3417 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3417
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.54msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2649 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2649
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.88msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 96 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 96
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new780μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 5 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 5
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8192 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8192
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.59msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4119 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4119
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.56msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4113 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4113
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.55msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4443 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4443
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.74msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5784 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5784
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.72msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4839 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4839
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new610μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new600μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.03msselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    30Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    21Category.php#?
    App\User
    4User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    3Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        xh1wbao0VxDv8SqGbecURy5CmJDtUVEnkhxpAAfw
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/torsio-testis" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/torsio-testis
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.118.10.2" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.118.10.2" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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