Cryoglobulinemia

Cryoglobulinemia

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Definisi

Cryoglobulinemia adalah satu bentuk vaskulitis, yaitu kelompok kelainan langka yang ditandai dengan peradangan pada pembuluh darah, yang dapat menghambat aliran darah dan merusak organ dan jaringan penting. Pada cryoglobulinemia, protein darah abnormal yang disebut dengan cryoglobulin menggumpal bersama pada suhu yang dingin (biasanya dibawah 37 derajat Celcius). Protein gelatinosa yang membeku ini dapat menghambat sirkulasi darah Anda, sehingga dapat merusak kulit, sendi, saraf, dan organ Anda, terutama ginjal. Meskipun lebih jarang, kondisi ini juga dapat melibatkan jantung, otak, dan saluran cerna.

 

Jika Anda ingin mengetahui selengkapnya mengenai vaskulitis, Anda dapat membacanya di sini: Vaskulitis - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Pengobatannya

 

Penyebab

Penyebab cryoglobulinemia belum diketahui pasti oleh para peneliti. Vaskulitis diklasifikasikan sebagai suatu penyakit autoimun, yaitu penyakit yang terjadi ketika sistem pertahanan alami tubuh mengalami gangguan sehingga menyerang jaringan yang sehat. Faktor yang dapat mencetuskan proses peradangan meliputi faktor genetik, obat-obatan, infeksi dan virus, serta faktor lingkungan seperti polutan.

Cryoglobulinemia telah dikaitkan dengan:

  • Infeksi. Hepatitis C merupakan infeksi yang paling sering dikaitkan dengan cryoglobulinemia (lebih dari 90% kasus cryoglobulinemia berkaitan dengan infeksi virus hepatitis C). Infeksi lainnya meliputi hepatitis B, HIV, Epstein-Barr, toksoplasmosis, dan malaria.
  • Kanker tertentu. Beberapa kanker darah, seperti multiple myeloma makroglobulinemia Waldenstrom, dan leukemia limfositik kronis, terkadang dapat menyebabkan cryoglobulinemia
  • Kelainan autoimun. Penyakit seperti lupus, artritis rheumatoid, dan sindrom Sjogren meningkatkan risiko timbulnya cryoglobulinemia

 

Baca Juga: Multiple Myeloma - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Pengobatannya

 

Faktor Risiko

Cryoglobulinemia dianggap sebagai suatu penyakit yang langka. Cryoglobulin pernah dilaporkan terdapat pada orang yang sehat, sehingga angka penderitanya yang sebenarnya tidak diketahui. Namun, diperkirakan angka penderitanya mencapai 1 per 100.000 orang di seluruh dunia.

Faktor risiko untuk cryoglobulinemia dapat meliputi:

  • Jenis kelamin. Cryoglobulinemia lebih sering terjadi pada wanita dibandingkan pada pria
  • Usia. Gejala cryoglobulinemia biasanya dimulai pada usia pertengahan, yaitu di atas usia 50 tahun
  • Penyakit lainnya. Cryoglobulinemia dikaitkan dengan beberapa penyakit seperti hepatitis C, HIV, multiple myeloma, makroglobulinemia Waldenstrom, lupus, dan sindrom Sjogren

Secara internasional, penyakit ini berkaitan dengan adanya infeksi hepatitis C pada area tertentu, sehingga kejadiannya bervariasi dari satu negara ke negara lainnya.

 

Gejala

Orang dengan cryoglobulinemia dapat mengalami gejala atau tidak. Beberapa orang dapat tidak menunjukkan tanda apapun kecuali peningkatan kadar cryoglobulin yang terdeteksi pada pemeriksaan darah.

Ketika gejala timbul, gejala biasanya datang dan pergi. Gejala juga bervariasi bergantung pada sistem organ yang terkena. Gejala tersebut dapat meliputi:

  • Lesi kulit yang biasanya ditandai dengan ruam kulit berupa bintik-bintik merah atau perubahan warna keunguan akibat pendarahan dibawah kulit (purpura). Warna keunguan biasanya timbul pada kulit tungkai. Pada beberapa orang, dapat juga timbul biduran, luka terbuka (ulkus), dan kematian jaringan (nekrosis)
  • Nyeri sendi. Gejala yang menyerupai artritis rheumatoid sering terjadi pada cryoglobulinemia
  • Nyeri dan kelemahan otot
  • Neuropati perifer. Cryoglobulinemia dapat merusak saraf-saraf pada ujung jari tangan dan kaki, menyebabkan rasa kebas, kesemutan, dan/atau terbakar
  • Kelelahan yang berat
  • Perubahan warna kulit tangan pada suhu yang dingin
  • Pembesaran kelenjar getah bening
  • Nyeri perut
  • Kerusakan ginjal (seseorang dapat mengalami kerusakan ginjal tanpa memiliki gejala apapun, sehingga orang dengan semua bentuk vaskulitis harus menjalani pemeriksaan urine rutin)

Ketika terdapat keterlibatan otak, seseorang dapat mengalami nyeri kepala atau strok. Keterlibatan jantung dapat menyebabkan nyeri dada dan gagal jantung yang ditandai dengan kesulitan bernapas dan pembengkakan pada tungkai.

 

Baca Juga: Neuropati Perifer - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Pengobatannya

 

Diagnosis

Untuk mendiagnosis cryoglobulinemia, dokter akan mempertimbangkan beberapa faktor, termasuk riwayat medis yang detail, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan laboratorium, pemeriksaan radiologi khusus, dan biopsi dari jaringan atau organ yang terkena bila diperlukan. Pemeriksaan darah yang spesifik untuk mendeteksi adanya cryoglobulin dalam darah dan tipenya, kemungkinan besar akan dilakukan. Hasil pemeriksaan ini dapat membantu menentukan rencana terapi terbaik untuk penyakit ini dan mengidentifikasi penyebab atau penyakit yang mendasari terjadinya cryoglobulinemia. Hasil pemeriksaan dapat menjadi tidak akurat jika sampel darah tidak diperlakukan dengan benar.

Semua orang dengan cryoglobulinemia harus diperiksa untuk infeksi hepatitis C.

Selain dari pemeriksaan darah, pemeriksaan diagnosis berikut ini kemungkinan juga akan dilakukan:

  • Urinalisis: untuk mencari adanya darah pada urine, yang dapat mengindikasikan adanya keterlibatan ginjal
  • Pemeriksaan radiologi: X-ray dada; CT scan paru; MRA, CTA, atau angiogram (pemeriksaan radiologi untuk pembuluh nadi atau arteri), sesuai indikasi
  • Tes konduksi saraf: elektromiografi (EMG) lengan dan tungkai
  • Biopsi: pengambilan jaringan pembuluh darah atau organ yang terkena secara operatif. Jaringan yang diambil kemudian akan diperiksa di laboratorium menggunakan mikroskop. Biopsi sumsum tulang, kulit, hati, atau ginjal dapat dilakukan, bergantung pada penyakit yang ada

 

Tata Laksana

Terapi cryoglobulinemia bergantung pada organ yang terkena, tingkat keparahan gejala (ketika terdapat gejala), dan kondisi yang mendasari. Ketika kondisi yang mendasari diterapi, gejala cryoglobulinemia biasanya akan membaik. Pada kasus yang ringan, dokter dapat menyarankan untuk menghindari suhu dingin dan menangani nyeri dengan obat-obatan anti nyeri yang dijual bebas, disertai dengan kontrol rutin untuk memantau penyakit.

Untuk kasus yang sedang dan berat, terapi dapat meliputi:

  • Obat antivirus yang biasanya diresepkan untuk penderita infeksi hepatitis C. jika dokter memutuskan bahwa infeksi hepatitis C adalah penyebab cryoglobulinemia yang Anda alami, Anda kemungkinan akan dirujuk ke spesialis hepatologi
  • Obat penekan sistem imun, yang merupakan terapi andalan untuk penyakit yang berat dimana organ penting sudah terkena. Kortikosteroid seperti prednisone, dan imunosupresan seperti azatioprin dan siklosfosfamid, sudah digunakan secara luas
  • Obat biologis rituximab adalah pilihan terapi yang umum diberikan untuk kondisi ini. obat biologis adalah kompleks protein yang diambil dari organisme hidup, target obat ini adalah bagian tertentu dari sistem imun untuk mengontrol peradangan. Namun, masih dibutuhkan lebih banyak penelitian untuk menentukan keamanan jangka panjang dan efektivitas rituximab sebagai terapi untuk cryoglobulinemia
  • Plasmaferesis, suatu pilihan untuk orang yang mengalami cryoglobulinemia yang mengancam nyawa atau mengancam organ. Prosedur ini menyaring gumpalan cryoglobulin dari plasma darah Anda, membantu. Mencegah cryoglobulin agar tidak menyumbat pembuluh darah dan aliran darah ke organ

Jika Anda menderita cryoglobulinemia, penting untuk menghindari paparan terhadap dingin, terutama pada jari tangan dan kaki Anda. Anda kemungkinan perlu menggunakan sarung tangan ketika terpapar dengan freezer atau lemari pendingin. Periksalah kaki Anda setiap harinya untuk mencari adanya cedera, karena cryoglobulinemia dapat menyebabkan kesulitan dalam penyembuhan jika ada cedera pada kaki.

 

Komplikasi

Jika tidak ditangani, cryoglobulinemia dapat menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan dan organ permanen, sehingga penting untuk mencari pertolongan medis segera ketika gejala muncul.

Kekambuhan dapat terjadi, sehingga kontrol rutin diperlukan.

 

Pencegahan

Tidak ada cara yang diketahui dapat mencegah cryoglobulinemia. Namun Anda dapat melakukan hal berikut:

  • Menghindari suhu dingin dapat mencegah timbulnya beberapa gejala
  • Pemeriksaan dan terapi untuk infeksi hepatitis C dapat menurunkan risiko Anda

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Hubungi dokter Anda jika:

  • Anda mengalami gejala cryoglobulinemia
  • Anda menderita hepatitis C dan mengalami gejala cryoglobulinemia
  • Anda menderita cryoglobulinemia dan mengalami gejala baru atau perburukan gejala

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Tea Karina Sudharso
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Senin, 10 Juni 2024 | 09:07

Cryoglobulinemia (2022) Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cryoglobulinemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20371244 (Accessed: March 28, 2023). 

Cryoglobulinemia (2023) Vasculitis Foundation. Available at: https://www.vasculitisfoundation.org/education/forms/cryoglobulinemia/#1545061788247-e1aef7c8-97b2 (Accessed: March 28, 2023). 

Cryoglobulinemia: Medlineplus medical encyclopedia (2021) MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Available at: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000540.htm (Accessed: March 28, 2023). 

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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
      Backtrace
      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new119msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-06 17:55:22' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-06 17:55:22
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new9.89msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 2297 where `id` = 6828
      Bindings
      • 0: 2297
      • 1: 6828
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new6.96msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 6828, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 17:55:22', '2025-04-06 17:55:22')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 6828
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-06 17:55:22
      • 8: 2025-04-06 17:55:22
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new730μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 31 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 31
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.87msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7618 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7618
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.2msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2468 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2468
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4080 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4080
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.68msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4682 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4682
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.41msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1773 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1773
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.05msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9649 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9649
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2038 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2038
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3579 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3579
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.28msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5858 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5858
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.46msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5181 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5181
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.39msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1976 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1976
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.34msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2186 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2186
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new790μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new780μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new850μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    52Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    22Category.php#?
    App\User
    4User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    3Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        kyXkZ6zBggE1lor6lrXiWuuMBeezVh4uAS09OHP0
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/cryoglobulinemia" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/cryoglobulinemia
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.14.145.69" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.14.145.69" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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