G6PD Neonatus

G6PD Neonatus
G6PD merupakan singkatan dari enzim Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase.

Bagikan :


Definisi

G6PD merupakan singkatan dari enzim Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase. Enzim ini berperan dalam proses pembentukan dan perombakan sel darah merah sehingga mencegah terjadinya hemolisis. Hemolisis adalah pecahnya sel darah merah dan menyebabkan hemoglobin keluar dari sel.

Enzim ini juga bertugas mencegah kerusakan sel yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas, terutama sel darah merah. Hal ini disebabkan sel darah merah senstif terhadap radikal bebas. Tanpa ada perlindungan dari G6PD, sel darah merah yang terpapar oleh radikal bebas akan mengalami kerusakan dengan lebih cepat mengalami proses penguraian dibandingkan tubuh dapat menggantikan sel darah merah sehingga menyebabkan anemia hemolitik.

Pemeriksaan G6PD merupakan pemeriksaan darah untuk mengetahui kadar G6PD. Pemeriksaan ini umumnya dilakukan untuk membantu diagnosis kekurangan G6PD. Keurangan enzim G6PD merupakan salah satu kelainan genetik yang menyebabkan penurunan sel darah merah atau memiliki sel darah merah yang rendah (anemia). Pemeriksaan G6PD pada bayi dilakukan pada bayi yang mengalami jaundice.

 

Indikasi

Dokter akan menyarankan pemeriksaan ini bila Anda dirasa mengalami gejala dari anemia hemolitik. Beberapa gejala tersebut, antara lain:

  • Lelah yang parah dan kelemahan
  • Kulit Pucat
  • Napas pendek
  • Jantung Berdebar cepat
  • Kulit dan mata kekuningan (jaundice)
  • Urine berwarna lebih gelap
  • Sakit perut dan punggung

Bayi baru lahir juga memerlukan pemeriksaan G6PD bila gejala jaundice tidak menghilang dalam kurun waktu 2 minggu dan atau tidak dapat dijelaskan dalam kondisi lainnya. Bayi juga memerlukan pemeriksaan G6PD bila dikeluarga memiliki riwayat kesehatan kekurangan G6PD.

 

Kontraindikasi

Pemeriksaan G6PD dapat dianggap aman dan risiko terkait sedang. Tidak ada kontraindikasi khusus terkait pemeriksaan  G6PD neonatus. Bila anda sebelumnya telah melakukan pemeriksaan darah, pemeriksaan ini serupa dengan proses pengambilan sampel darah. Diskusikan dengan dokter  terkait prosedur pemeriksaan yang dilakukan.

 

Persiapan Sebelum Pemeriksaan

Tidak ada persiapan khusus sebelum melakukan pemeriksaan G6PD. 

 

Prosedur Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan G6PD pada bayi menggunakan sampel darah karena menggunakan pemeriksaan dengan sampel darah. Pada bayi, pengambilan darah dilakukan pada tumit. Bila darah diambil melalui pembuluh darah, permukaan kulit akan dibersihkan dengan antiseptik dan diikat dengan alat khusus (tourniquet) pada area lengan untuk memberikan tekanan dan menyebabkan pembuluh darah membengkak dengan darah. Jarum mengambil sampel akan dimasukkan melalui pembuluh darah dan darah akan diambil masuk ke dalam vial atau syringe.

Setelah prosedur, tourniquet dilepaskan dan bekas area pengambilan darah akan ditutup dengan perban untuk menghentikan pendarahan. Selanjutnya, darah akan dimasukan ke dalam tabung darah dan diperiksa oleh petugas laboratorium pada mesin khusus. Pemeriksaan ini mungkin akan memerlukan waktu beberapa hari untuk mendapatkan hasil. Risiko pemeriksaan ini sangat minimal. Prosedur pemeriksaan ini cukup sederhana dan biasanya akan memakan waktu kurang dari 5 menit untuk mengambil sampel darah.

 

Nilai Normal dan Abnormal

Nilai normal dari pemeriksaan ini antara 7.0-24.7 unit/ gram hemoglobin pada orang bayi baru lahir, tetapi hasil pemeriksaan dapat berbeda di setiap laboratorium.

 

Hasil dan Saran (pemeriksaan lanjutan)

Rendah

Hasil pemeriksaan G6PD yang rendah menunjukkan kekurangan enzim G6PD dalam darah. Kekurangan G6PD atau defisiensi G6PD umumnya tidak memiliki gejala. Anda dapat mengatur kondisi dengan menghindari pemicu gejala dan mungkin akan menghentikan perkembangan anemia hemolitik. Beberapa obat atau makanan yang perlu anda hindari seperti aspirin dan acetaminofen (atau dikenal sebagai parasetamol), beberapa antibiotik, pengobatan malaria, dan kacang arab.

Normal

Pemeriksaan G6PD dengan hasil dalam rentang normal menunjukan anda memiliki kandungan enzim G6PD yang mencukupi. Pertahankan kesehatan Anda dengan mengonsumsi gizi yang seimbang, aktivitas fisik yang cukup, serta pemeriksaan kesehatan yang rutin.

 

Konsultasikan ke Dokter yang Tepat

Bila hasil G6PD anak Anda tidak normal, Anda dapat berkonsultasi dengan dokter spesialis anak agar mendapatkan informasi dan terapi yang lebih detail.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, radiologi, dan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Rabu, 23 Agustus 2023 | 08:48

G6PD Test. (2022). Retrieved 24 July 2023, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/

G6PD Test. (2022). Retrieved 24 July 2023, from https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/g6pd-test/ 

What is the G6PD Test?. (2021). Retrieved 24 July 2023, from https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-g6pd-test 

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase. (2022). Retrieved 24 July 2023, from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=g6pd

G6PD. (2021). Retrieved 24 July 2023, from https://www.testing.com/tests/g6pd/

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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new11.34msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4525 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.39msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7747 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7747
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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