Dopamin

Dopamin
Credit: RDCL. Dopamin digunakan pada tubuh yang mengalami syok atau memiliki perfusi darah yang buruk di tubuh

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Cetadop, Dopac, Dopamine HCL DBL, Glomin, Indop dan Proinfark.

 

Cara Kerja

Dopamin adalah suatu obat yang bekerja dengan merangsang kontraksi otot jantung untuk meningkatkan pompa darah yang disalurkan jantung ke seluruh tubuh. Selain itu, obat ini juga dapat melebarkan pembuluh darah ginjal dan memperbaiki aliran darah menuju ginjal.

Ketika seseorang mengalami syok, organ tubuh tidak mendapat aliran darah dan suplai oksigen yang cukup sehingga dapat mengancam nyawa. Obat ini bekerja untuk memperbaiki ketidakseimbangan dinamika aliran darah.

 

Indikasi

Dopamin digunakan pada tubuh yang mengalami syok atau memiliki perfusi darah yang buruk di tubuh, dengan gejala seperti tekanan darah rendah, nadi lemah atau tidak teraba, lemas, kulit dingin, dan penurunan kesadaran.

Kondisi syok pada seseorang bisa disebabkan oleh beberapa penyakit seperti:

  • Reaksi alergi berat.
  • Gagal jantung.
  • Serangan jantung.
  • Gagal ginjal.
  • Sepsis (infeksi sudah menyebar di darah ke organ tubuh).
  • Dehidrasi berat.
  • Perdarahan berat.
  • Reaksi alergi berat.

 

Kontraindikasi

Terdapat beberapa kondisi medis tertentu yang membuat seseorang tidak dapat diberikan obat ini, yaitu:

  • Hipertiroid, kondisi di mana kelenjar tiroid memproduksi terlalu banyak hormon tiroid.
  • Takiaritmia, kondisi jantung yang berdebar cepat dan tidak beraturan.
  • Feokromositoma, yaitu tumor kelenjar adrenal yang berada di atas ginjal.
  • Obat tidak boleh dipakai bersamaan dengan obat anestesi cyclopropane gas halogen.

 

Efek Samping

Ada beberapa efek samping yang bisa terjadi setelah pemberian dopamin, antara lain:

  • Mual muntah.
  • Denyut nadi cepat.
  • Nyeri dada.
  • Kesulitan bernapas.
  • Jantung berdebar tidak beraturan.

Pasien yang mendapat obat ini umumnya akan diawasi dengan ketat oleh dokter penanggung jawab.

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk cairan injeksi suntik vial dan ampul sebesar 20 mg/mL dan 40 mg/mL.

 

Dosis

Dosis dopamin dimulai pada dosis rendah yaitu 2-5 mcg/kgBB pasien/menit. Dosis kemudian dapat dinaikkan menjadi 5-10 mcg/kgBB/menit sesuai dengan tekanan darah, respon pasien terhadap pengobatan yang diberikan, dan urine pasien. Pada kasus yang sangat berat dosis dapat ditingkatkan hingga 20-50 mcg/kgBB/menit. Obat diberikan melalui infus pembuluh darah.

 

Keamanan

Dopamin termasuk ke dalam obat kategori C pada kehamilan. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan pada hewan uji coba, obat ini terbukti menimbulkan efek samping pada janin, namun masih belum ada data penelitian yang memadai pada manusia. Obat ini baru digunakan bila manfaat dirasa lebih besar dari potensi risiko yang bisa terjadi. 

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Efek obat dopamin dapat meningkat dan timbul berkepanjangan bila diberikan pada pasien yang berada dalam pengobatan depresi dengan obat golongan MAOI.
  • Resiko terjadinya tekanan darah rendah dan detak jantung yang melambat semakin meningkat apabila dopamin digunakan bersama obat antikejang (fenitoin).
  • Jika dopamin berinteraksi dengan obat antinyeri (ergotamin), risiko terjadinya penyempitan pembuluh darah yang ekstrim bisa meningkat.
  • Dopamin sebaiknya tidak diberikan pada pasien yang dalam efek obat bius halogen dan cyclopropane karena bisa timbul gangguan irama jantung (aritmia) yang fatal.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 21:22

Dopamin  – Mims Indonesia. (2022). Retrieved 13 August 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/dopamine?mtype=generic

Dopamin Hidroklorida – BPOM. (2022). Retrieved 13 August 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/dopamin-hidroklorida

Dopamine  - Rxlist. (2022). Retrieved 13 August 2022, from https://www.rxlist.com/dopamine-drug.htm

Dopamine  – drugbank. (2022). Retrieved 13 August 2022, from https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00988

Dopamine Use While Breastfeeding  – drugs.com. (2022). Retrieved 13 August 2022, from https://www.drugs.com/breastfeeding/dopamine.html

Dopamine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warning  – drugs.com. (2022). Retrieved 13 August 2022, from https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/dopamine.html

Jessica, CL., Hasan, A. (2022). Pregnancy Medication (p. A single page). StatPearls Publishing. From https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507858/

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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9990 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9990
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8723
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.29msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4769 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4769
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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