Yuk, Mengenal Perbedaan AHA dan BHA!

Yuk, Mengenal Perbedaan AHA dan BHA!

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Anda mungkin pernah mendengar produk dengan kandungan AHA dan BHA yang kabarnya memiliki beragam fungsi. Dikabarkan mereka dapat membantu menghilangkan sel-sel kulit mati dari lapisan atas kulit dan dapat memperbaiki tekstur kulit agar tampak lebih muda. Apabila Anda tertarik menggunakan produk dengan kandungan tersebut, ketahui terlebih dahulu perbedaannya, yuk. Walaupun sama-sama memberikan efek eksfoliasi, sebenarnya AHA dan BHA berbeda.

AHA

AHA atau alpha hydroxy acid adalah asam karboksilat yang berasal dari buah-buahan. Asam ini larut dalam air. Zat ini bekerja dengan membantu mengelupas permukaan kulit sehingga sel-sel kulit baru dapat tumbuh lebih merata menggantikan sel-sel kulit mati. Saat AHA bekerja, konsentrasi ion kalsium dalam kulit yang dipengaruhi AHA jadi berkurang, sehingga terjadi pengelupasan sel kulit di permukaan. Ini memberikan efek kulit menjadi halus saat disentuh, dan warna yang lebih merata.

Dilansir Healthline, AHA umumnya digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah kulit berikut, antara lain:

  • Hiperpigmentasi ringan seperti bintik-bintik penuaan, melasma dan bekas jerawat
  • Warna kulit yang tidak rata
  • Garis senyum dan kerutan di wajah
  • Pori-pori yang membesar

Umumnya produk yang mengandung AHA memiliki salah satu jenis asam berikut, seperti dilansir NCBI berikut ini:

  • Asam glikolat
  • Asam laktat
  • Asam mandelat

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel menyatakan bahwa penggunaan produk dengan kandungan asam glikolat dan asam laktat aman digunakan bila:

  • Memiliki pH di atas 3,5
  • Konsentrasi AHA dalam produk kurang dari 10%
  • Produk tersebut melindungi kulit dari sensitivitas paparan sinar matahari atau direkomendasikan untuk perlindungan sinar matahari harian

BHA

BHA atau beta hydroxy acid adalah zat kimia yang larut dalam minyak. Tak seperti AHA, BHA dapat masuk lebih dalam ke dalam pori-pori untuk mengangkat sel kulit mati dan sebum yang berlebih.

  • BHA cenderung lebih efektif mengatasi kondisi kulit berjerawat karena mengandung antibakteri
  • BHA umumnya digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah kulit antara lain:
    • Merawat kulit berjerawat dan kulit rusak akibat paparan sinar matahari
    • Konsentrasi rendahnya dapat menenangkan kulit sensitif
    • Mengurangi kemerahan akibat rosacea
    • Cocok digunakan kulit kombinasi berminyak karena dapat mengangkat kelebihan minyak dan sel-sel kulit mati

Umumnya produk yang mengandung BHA memiliki istilah kandungan berikut:

  • Salicylic acid
  • Sodium salicylate
  • Beta hydroxybutanoic acid
  • Tropic acid
  • Trethocanic acid

Efek samping AHA

Menggunakan produk dengan kandungan AHA dapat menyebabkan efek samping tertentu. Efek sampingnya bersifat lokal dan hanya mempengaruhi area kulit tempat produk diaplikasikan.

AHA dapat menyebabkan pengelupasan kulit yang lebih agresif sehingga lebih cocok digunakan untuk memperbaiki kulit rusak akibat paparan sinar matahari. Penggunaannya pun memerlukan kehati-hatian karena bersifat sensitif terhadap sinar matahari.

Menurut Medical News Today, berikut adalah efek samping yang mungkin dialami:

  • Rasa terbakar di kulit
  • Ruam kemerahan
  • Pembengkakan
  • Perubahan warna kulit
  • Lecet atau bekas luka
  • Pengelupasan kulit
  • Kulit terasa gatal
  • Iritasi kulit
  • Luka bakar kimia
  • Risiko sunburn

Efek Samping BHA

Pada penggunaan BHA efek samping yang mungkin muncul di antaranya adalah kulit mengelupas, sensasi menyengat, gatal dan ruam-ruam merah. BHA juga meminimalisir sebum di pori-pori sehingga dapat menyebabkan kulit kering bagi sebagian orang.

Eksfoliasi yang berlebihan akibat penggunaan BHA justru dapat menyebabkan kulit menjadi breakout dan kulit menjadi lebih sensitif.

Karena memiliki sifat eksfoliasi, disarankan untuk berhati-hati apabila Anda ingin mengombinasikan produk dengan kandungan AHA dan BHA. Kombinasi keduanya dapat meningkatkan risiko iritasi dan memperburuk kondisi serta penampilan kulit.

Untuk dapat merasakan manfaatnya, lebih baik konsultasikan terlebih dahulu dengan ahli dermatologi sebelum menggunakan salah satu kandungannya atau kombinasi kedua bahan tersebut.

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 23:03

Cherney K (2019). AHA vs. BHA: What’s the Difference?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/aha-vs-bha#how-to-choose

Caporuscio J (2019). Understanding the difference between AHA and BHA for skin care. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/aha-vs-bha#shared-benefits

Nazario B (2021). AHA and BHA for Skin: What to Know. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/beauty/aha-bha-skin-exfoliate#1

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.66msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7335 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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