Some women need a hysterectomy to address uterine problems. This is particularly relevant for those with abnormal vaginal bleeding or conditions such as pelvic inflammatory disease, placenta accreta, and certain cancers of the reproductive organs. A common concern is the relationship between hysterectomy and ovarian cancer: does surgery eliminate future cancer risk? Keep reading to find out.

What Is a Hysterectomy?

A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the uterus and cervix. The cervix is the lower segment of the uterus that connects it to the vagina. During childbirth, the cervix forms the passage through which the baby moves from the uterus into the vagina.

One major indication for this operation is cancer treatment, especially for cervical and uterine cancer. In some situations, the hysterectomy is performed together with removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes. In other cases, the ovaries are preserved. The choice depends on the patient’s condition and the specific type of hysterectomy performed.

After a Hysterectomy, Can You Still Get Ovarian Cancer?

According to the Mayo Clinic, a woman may still face a risk of ovarian cancer even after a hysterectomy. That risk varies by health status and by the surgical approach used. Types of hysterectomy include:

1. Partial Hysterectomy

This procedure removes the uterus while leaving the cervix intact. Other reproductive organs, including the ovaries, are also left in place.

2. Total Hysterectomy

This surgery removes both the uterus and the cervix. The ovaries are not taken out, so the possibility of ovarian cancer remains.

3. Total Hysterectomy with Salpingo-Oophorectomy

This operation removes the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. When the ovaries are removed, the chance of developing ovarian cancer is much lower.

However, women should remain mindful of primary peritoneal cancer. This cancer arises from the peritoneum, the lining of the abdomen that lies close to the ovaries. Because the peritoneum and ovaries come from the same embryonic tissue, cancer can originate from peritoneal cells even after a hysterectomy.

Preventing Ovarian Cancer

There is no proven method to fully prevent ovarian cancer. Any woman with ovaries can be affected. In addition, unavoidable risk factors such as aging and family genetics play a role. Even so, there are practical steps to lower risk, including:

• Adopting healthy habits by choosing a balanced diet, limiting alcohol, and exercising regularly

• Maintaining a healthy body weight

   

• Scheduling regular health visits, including appropriate cancer screening

• For women with a family history of ovarian cancer, birth control pills may be considered. Because these medications can cause side effects, consult a doctor before starting them.

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